字词 | 阿佩尔 |
释义 | 阿佩尔【英】Karl-Otto Apel译文来源Karl-Otto Apel. via: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl-Otto_Apel 定义“阿佩尔是德国哲学家、批判释义学的重要代表。先后在美因兹、基尔、萨尔布吕肯、法兰克福等大学任哲学教授。重视对歪曲交往、妨碍理解的意识形态进行批判,认为哲学释义学过高地估计传统和语言在认识过程中的作用,忽视语言外部造成误解的种种因素。主张在理解和解释过程中采取批判态度,从而解释理解的客观基础,排除各种影响智力活动的障碍,把人从虚假的意识形态的迷雾中解脱出来。要做到这一点,不仅要批判自己或别人所有的误解,而且要特别批判产生这种误解的社会现实本身”(金炳华冯契,2001:13)。“除了坚持批判释义学的基本观点外,还汲取康德的先验论、分析哲学以及实用主义的某些观点,提出其先验论和实证主义的“说明—理解”理论。把关于社会科学的三种合法的观点区别开来,并与三种知识构成兴趣联系起来。第一种是演绎—规范的科学,它与预测和控制行为技术的兴趣相对应,并于统一科学派的说明理论相关联;第二种是历史—释义学的科学,它与扩大理解的兴趣相对应,并与精神科学派的理解理论相关联。第三种是批判的、重建的科学,它的兴趣在于使理解从那些妨碍理解的病理方面和意识形态方面的障碍物中解脱出来,这与他所倡导的说明—理解理论相关联,认为这种理论能克服统一科学派的说明理论和精神科学派的理解理论各自的局限性。主要著作有《哲学的变革》(1972—1973)、《皮尔斯的思想历程》(1975)、《从先验论和实用主义的观点看说明与理解的争论》(1979)等”(冯契,徐孝通,2000:454)。 定义来源[1] 金炳华,冯契.哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2001. 例句1. 起初,达斯普雷指挥的奥地利第二军攻击皮蒙特军队的左翼,随后阿佩尔所指挥的第三军以及预备队和第四军也都相继展开。奥军得以完全展开自己的战线,以优势兵力对皮蒙特的战斗队形的各点同时发起集中的攻击,击溃了皮蒙特军队。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第六卷)》,1961:467 1. The second Austrian corps under d'Aspre was the first to attack the left flank of the Piedmontese, while behind it the third corps under Appel, as well as the reserves and the fourth corps, were deployed. The Austrians were completely successful in establishing their line of battle and simultaneously delivering a concentric attack on all points of the Piedmontese battle formation with such a superiority of force that the Piedmontese were crushed by it. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 9), 1977: 175. 2. “昨天,当客轮抵达时,呈现出一片悲伤的景象。特兰西瓦尼亚总司令部的全体人员下船登岸,其中包括费尔斯曼将军和阿佩尔将军。他们破烂的衣衫和苍白的面容表明了他们的不幸。休息一小时之后,他们继续取道阿格拉姆前往维也纳。他们随身带着大量的军款和档案。” ——《马克思恩格斯全集(第四十三卷)》,1982:400 2. “The arrival of the steamboat passengers yesterday presented a sorry sight. The entire personnel of the general command of Transylvania, among them General Pfersmann and General Appel, disembarked. Their shabby garments and their pale countenances betrayed their misfortunes. After an hour's rest, they continued their journey to Vienna by way of Agram. They carried with them the substantial war-chest and the archives.” -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 9), 1977: 332. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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