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字词 平等 
释义

平等 【英】

equality

译文来源

[1]金炳华,冯契.哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2001:1096.
[2]Xi Jinping. Xi Jinping: The Governance of China [M]. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2014: 32.

定义

平等是指人与人之间在经济、政治、文化等各方面处于同等的地位,享有相同的权利。封建社会就有平等思想,亚里士多德认为正义就是平等。古希腊斯多葛派认为,自然法赋予每个人的理性是相同的,人们在实际生活中出现的对立和差别是违背自然法的。中国古代如“尚贤”,“正夫妇”,“人无贵贱”的观点等也体现了平等思想。在资本主义社会,平等是资产阶级用来反对封建社会等级特权制而提出的口号,但资产阶级所要求的平等是在金钱、资本面前的平等,劳动人民仍处于被剥削地位。卢梭在《论人类不平等的起源和基础》一文中认为,自然状态中的孤立的原始人是处在一种天然平等的理想状态,不平等的起源是人为和社会的。“不平等是建立在私有制的出现的唯一基础上”,“私有制的出现是一种灾祸”(卢梭,1962:44)。恩格斯认为,“一切人,或至少是一个国家的一切公民,或一个社会的一切成员,都应当有平等的政治地位和社会地位”(马克思等,1995:444)。他认为“无产阶级所提出的平等要求具有双重意义,或者它是对明显的社会不平等,对富人和穷人之间、主人和奴隶之间、骄奢淫逸者和饥饿者之间的对立的自发反应……或者它是从对资产阶级平等要求的反应中产生的……成了用资本家本身的主张发动工人起来反对资本家的鼓动手段”(马克思等,1995:448)。恩格斯明确指出,“无产阶级的平等要求的实际内容都是消灭阶级的要求。任何超出这个范围的平等要求,都必然要流于荒谬”(马克思等,1995:448)。要实现真正的平等,就要消灭阶级。因此,在社会主义条件下,平等仍然是一种形式上的平等,而每个人都能自由全面发展的共产主义社会才是真正的平等。平等是人类文明进步的重要标准,平等的实际状况能够体现一个国家社会制度的民主化程度。

定义来源

[1]马克思,恩格斯.马克思恩格斯选集(第三卷)[C].人民出版社,1995.
[2]卢梭.论人类不平等的起源和基础[M].李常山译.商务印书馆,1962.

例句

1. 我们要巩固和发展最广泛的爱国统一战线,加强中国共产党同民主党派和无党派人士团结合作,巩固和发展平等团结互助和谐的社会主义民族关系,发挥宗教界人士和信教群众在促进经济社会发展中的积极作用,最大限度团结一切可以团结的力量。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:41

1. We should consolidate and develop the broadest possible patriotic united front, strengthen our Party’s unity and cooperation with other political parties and personages without party affiliation, consolidate and develop socialist ethnic relations of equality, unity, mutual assistance and harmony, give full play to the positive role that religious figures and believers play in promoting economic and social development, and do our utmost to rally all the possible forces around us. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 43-44.

2. 每个时代都有每个时代的精神,每个时代都有每个时代的价值观念。国有四维,礼义廉耻,“四维不张,国乃灭亡。”这是中国先人对当时核心价值观的认识。在当代中国,我们的民族、我们的国家应该坚守什么样的核心价值观?这个问题,是一个理论问题,也是一个实践问题。经过反复征求意见,综合各方面认识,我们提出要倡导富强、民主、文明、和谐,倡导自由、平等、公正、法治,倡导爱国、敬业、诚信、友善,积极培育和践行社会主义核心价值观。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:168

2. Every era has its spirit, and likewise its values. In ancient china our ancestors developed core values highlighted by “propriety, righteousness, honesty and sense of shame – the four anchors of our moral foundation, and a question of life and death for the country.” This was our ancestors’ understanding of their core values. What are the core values for our people and country today? This is both a theoretical and a practical question. We should eventually agree upon this after sorting our opinions and understandings from all walks of life. The core values that we should cultivate and practice are prosperity, democracy, civility, harmony, freedom, equality, justice, the rule of law, patriotism, dedication integrity and friendship. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 187-188.

3. 坚持独立自主,就要坚持独立自主的和平外交政策,坚定不移走和平发展道路。我们要高举和平、发展、合作、共赢的旗帜,坚持在和平共处五项原则基础上同各国友好相处,在平等互利基础上积极开展同各国的交流合作,坚定不移维护世界和平、促进共同发展。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:30

3. Adhering to independence requires us to uphold our independent foreign policy of peace, and follow the path of peaceful development. We should hold high the banner of peace, development, friendly relations with other countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, conduct exchanges and cooperation with other countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit, staunchly safeguard world peace, and promote common development. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 32.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
本文在历史唯物主义基本观点的指导下,以政治生活中的重要范畴——政治平等为研究对象,尝试对政治平等的概念内涵、历史沿革、生成根据、价值体系进行深入的理论探析,力图描绘出人类政治平等思想的历史图景,并揭示出政治平等的理论特征和生成逻辑。——《政治平等的理论探析与现代构建》,南京航空航天大学博士学位论文,2011
This article under the historical materialism basic concept's instruction, take political life's in important category -- politics equality as the object of study, attempts to the political equality concept connotation, the historical evolution, the production acts according to, the value system to carry on the thorough theory to search analyzes, tries hard to describe the human politics equal thought the historical prospect, and promulgates the political equality the theory characteristic and production logic.

例句 2:
在性质与意义上,平等作为正义之法的永恒理念,既是法律的精神和生命,又是一个抽象而不易掌握的原则。——《平等原则研究》,吉林大学博士学位论文,2014
Equality, as the eternal law of justice, is the spirit and life of law, it is also an abstract and difficult principle to grasp. How to confirm the concrete equality of the law according to the equal principle and to reflect it in the law enforcement and judicial, has been a quite complicated legal problem all the time, it is significant to implement the research both in theory and in practice.

例句 3:
本文的研宄对象是马克思的平等观及其当代意义,主要内容围绕三个问题展:一是对马克思平等概念本身的解读,二是对马克思平等观在当代面临的挑战的分析,三是对马克思平等观在当代中国的现实意义的探讨。——《马克思平等观及其当代意义研究》,武汉大学博士学位论文,2014
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更新时间:2024/7/1 8:30:38