右派【英】

rightist; the right-wing

译文来源

[1] McLellan, D. Marxism after Marx: An Introduction [M]. London: Macmillan Press Ltd., 1998: 255-256.
[2] Mao Tse-tung. Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Vol. 1) [C]. Peking: Foreign Languages Press, 1967: 13.

定义

又称“右翼”，是“左派”的对称。右派政治上保守，是反对激烈社会变革的政治派别或政治组织——他们认为社会现状基本上是好的，不需要进行结构性变革，只需针对具体的社会弊端而实施一些改良措施即可。右派普遍倾向于维护社会传统，认为阶级差别是永远存在的自然现象，反对国家过多地干预经济生活。右派一般代表资本主义社会中大资本家、大地产者的利益。“右派”源自于法国大革命时期，当时来自第三阶级的自由派参议员坐在主席的左侧，这是自1789年三级会议以来的习惯；而贵族阶级、第二阶级的成员则坐在右侧。之后的立法会议，将坐在右侧，支持旧制度的君主主义者称为右派。这个根据自己政治立场而分坐大会主席左右席位的传统延续到了今日的国民议会，“右派”一词也因此而来，指在阶级、政党、集团内，政治上保守、传统的一派（via: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%8F%B3%E6%B4%BE/93512?fr=aladdin）。

定义来源

via: https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E5%8F%B3%E6%B4%BE/93512?fr=aladdin

例句

1. 在毛主义者的文件中，道德标准同更为严肃的马克思主义范畴掺和在一起，这一特征如此醒目，正如施拉姆说过的那样：细想一下毛在20世纪50年底提出的、今天仍被沿用的所谓“黑五类”的定义：地主、富农、反革命、坏分子和右派。在这些范畴中，其中有两个是社会学意义上的、两个是政治意义上的，还有一个是道德意义上的。毛在把它们归并在一起的时候，似乎并没有觉察有任何矛盾或问题。难道他或许并不认为革命是无产阶级、农民和好人的事业？毛实际上与刘少奇共同使用了正是中国的、而且确切地就是孔子的概念，即认为把一个人的内在道德世界与他的外部行为和他的政治活动领域截然分开是不可能的。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》，2008：243

1. It is striking how moral criteria are intermingled in Maoist documents with more strictly Marxist categories. As Schram has said: Consider the definition which Mao put forward in the 1950s for the so-called ‘five bad elements’, still used today. Landlords, rich peasant, counter-revolutionaries, bad elements and rightists. Two of these categories are sociological, two political and one moral. Mao did not appear to see any contradiction or problem in lumping them all together. Did he not perhaps see the revolution as the work of proletarians, peasants and good men? Does not all the available evidence suggest that Mao in fact shared with Liu Shaoch’i the very Chinese and indeed Confucian notion that it is impossible to separate the inner moral world of the individual from his outward behaviour and from the political realm as a whole. -Quoted from Marxism after Marx: An Introduction, 1998: 255-256.

2. 他们和中国革命的目的完全不相容。特别是大地主阶级和大买办阶级，他们始终站在帝国主义一边，是极端的反革命派。其政治代表是国家主义派和国民党右派。—— 《毛泽东选集（第一卷）》，1991: 04

2. Their existence is utterly incompatible with the aims of the Chinese revolution. The big landlord and big comprador classed in particular always side with imperialism and constitute an extreme counter-revolutionary group. Their political representatives are the Ètatistes and the right-wing of the Kuomintang. -Quoted from Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Vol. 1), 1967: 13.

3. 然而，恰恰是整个左翼思想和尤其是马克思主义思想的整体性特征，为新右派发展各种接合留下了开放的领域 ，而这些接合的真正目的是加强精英主义。—— 《后马克思主义思想史》，2011：44

3. It is the monolithic character of left-wing thought in general, and Marxist in particular, however, which has left the field open for the development of new right articulations, whose real objective is the entrenchment of elitism. -Quoted from Post-Marxism: An Intellectual History, 2001: 28.

网络参考例句

例句 1：
第一次国共合作时期，国民党内部因对“三大政策”特别是其中的“联俄”、“容共”的意见分歧而导致分裂，由此产生了西山会议派、新右派和左派。——《试论西山会议派与新右派对”联俄容共”的态度演变》，东北师范大学硕士学位论文，2006
During the period of the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, the Kuomingtang itself has split because its party members hold different views on the "three major policies ", especially the "ally Russia" and "accommodate the CCP".

例句 2：
在1957年的“反右派”斗争中，一批史学家和史学工作者被定为“右派”，遭受斗争和批判。在整风和“鸣”、“放”期间，围绕着在学术领域里反对教条主义和发展马克思主义社会科学等问题，雷海宗发表了不少与当时主流意识形态相异的观点。在随后开展的反右派斗争中，雷海宗被定为全国史学界的右派典型，遭到了激烈的批判。史学领域的反右派斗争是完全不必要的，它对新中国史学发展产生了十分不利的影响。——“史学领域的反右派斗争——以雷海宗为中心的考察”，载于《安徽大学学报》2006年02期
During the Anti-Rightist straggle of 1957,　a lot of historians were categorized as Rightists and were severely criticized. This article reviews the stmgglewith the example of LeiHaizong. During the previous zhengfeng andmingfangmovanents LeiHaizong had expressed sane acadenic views different fizm the mainstream ideology, so he was criticized in the Anti-Rightist straggle as a typical Rightist in historical field Based on the analysis of the examp1e of Lei Haizong, the paper holds that the Anti-Rightist straggle in the historical field was absolutely unnecessary and it has had severe negative inpact on the historical studies in China

例句 3：
真实，是艺术的生命。无论批评界还是创作界，对“