字词 | 暴力革命 |
释义 | 暴力革命【英】violent revolution译文来源[1] Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 37) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1971: 321. 定义暴力革命是阶级斗争的一般表现。暴力革命的主体是遭受剥削和压迫的被剥削阶级,而暴力革命的对象则是反动的统治阶级,暴力革命的方式是武装夺取政权的阶级斗争。关于暴力革命,马克思曾指出:“共产党人不屑于隐瞒自己的观点和意图。他们公开宣布:他们的目的只有用暴力推翻全部现存的社会制度才能达到。”马克思主义认为,暴力革命是无产阶级革命的一般规律,无产阶级只有暴力取得政权才能获得革命的胜利。未来的无产阶级暴力革命,不再是简单地掌握现成的国家机器,而是要破坏、摧毁旧的国家机器。破坏并摧毁反动的统治阶级的国家机器是无产阶级革命的先决条件。恩格斯也有对暴力革命的经典论述,他在《反杜林论》一书中集中阐述了暴力革命对无产阶级走上历史舞台的作用。此后,列宁创造性地总结了马克思、恩格斯的暴力革命论,并在《国家与革命》一书中指出,“资产阶级国家由无产阶级国家(无产阶级专政)代替,不能通过‘自行消亡’,根据一般规律,只能通过暴力革命”。暴力革命论对俄国的十月革命产生了积极的指导作用。在新民主主义革命时期,毛泽东总结革命经验的同时创造性地提出的“枪杆子里面出政权”思想也被看作是一种暴力革命论,该思想对新民主主义革命产生了积极的影响(金炳华,2003:345)。 定义来源金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003. 例句1. 无产阶级不通过暴力革命就不可能夺取自己的政治统治,即通往新社会的唯一大门,在这一点上,我们的意见是一致的。要使无产阶级在决定关头强大到足以取得胜利,无产阶级必须(马克思和我从1847年以来就坚持这种立场)组成一个不同于其他所有政党并与它们对立的特殊政党,一个自觉的阶级政党。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第三十七卷)》,1971:321 1. That the proletariat cannot seize political power, which alone will open the doors to the new society, without violent revolution is something upon which we are both agreed. If the proletariat is to be strong enough to win on the crucial day, it is essential—and Marx and I have been advocating this since 1847—for it to constitute a party in its own right, distinct from and opposed to all the rest, one that is conscious of itself as a class party. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 48), 2001: 423. 2. 无产阶级国家代替资产阶级国家,非通过暴力革命不可。无产阶级国家的消灭,即任何国家的消灭,只能通过“自行消亡”。马克思和恩格斯在研究每一个革命形势,分析每一次革命的经验教训时,都详细而具体地发展了他们的这些观点。——《列宁全集(第三十一卷)》,1985:20 2. The supersession of the bourgeois state by the proletarian state is impossible without a violent revolution. The abolition of the proletarian state, i.e., of the state in general, is impossible except through the process of “withering away”. A detailed and concrete elaboration of these views was given by Marx and Engels when they studied each particular revolutionary situation, when they analysed the lessons of the experience of each particular revolution. -Quoted from Lenin Collected Works (Vol. 25), 1974: 405. 3. 难道这位考茨基不是一个真正的革命家吗?他是全心全意拥护革命的……只是革命不要搞严重的斗争,使失败者有被消灭的危险!他完全“克服了”老恩格斯热烈赞扬暴力革命的教育作用的旧错误。他是一位“郑重的”历史学家,坚决屏弃那些异端邪说,什么国内战争能锻炼被剥削者,教他们建立没有剥削者的新社会。——《列宁全集(第三十五卷)》,1985:107 3. Well, isn’t this man Kautsky a real revolutionary? He is heart and soul for revolution…provided there is no serious struggle threatening annihilation! He has completely “overcome” the old errors of old Engels, who so enthusiastically lauded the educational value of violent revolutions. Like the “serious” historian he is, he has completely renounced the delusions of those who said that civil war steels the exploited and teaches them to build a new society without exploiters. -Quoted from Lenin Collected Works (Vol. 28), 1974: 110. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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