阶级性【英】

class nature; class characteristics; class character

译文来源

[1] Mao Tse-tung. Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Vol. 2) [C]. Peking: Foreign Languages Press, 1965: 297.
[2] Zhang Yibing. Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics [M]. Göttingen: Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2014: 397.
[3] Mao Tse-tung. Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Vol. 1) [C]. Peking: Foreign Languages Press, 1965: 15.

定义

阶级是社会生产发展到一定阶段，即生产有所发展而又发展不足的产物，是根据人们在社会上由于所处地位不同和社会关系不同而划分的集团。阶级性是在有阶级的社会里人的思想意识和许多社会基本现象所具有的阶级本质和特性，这种特性是由人在社会经济结构中所处的地位即阶级地位决定的，由此形成了各阶级不同心理、思想和观念，反映着本阶级的特殊利益和要求。阶级性意味着某种事物具有与社会存在的阶级有必然联系并相互作用的属性，具有阶级性的事物能给阶级造成利益区分，阶级利益因素也能改变具有阶级性的事物（吴建国，郭晓磊，2013：76）。马克思主义认为，在阶级的社会里，政治的实质是阶级关系和阶级斗争，阶级性是政治的根本属性。从本质上讲，国家是经济上占统治地位的阶级进行阶级统治的工具，阶级性是国家的根本属性（《阶级性》，via：http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=ZHBkIGhHWp5EP0TYgqj76dIYLAwmjG7JOodl-j-xKXQWFWisDofbe42ZfRYd0GtYP2xGWD-89rs3yOWtOxheA_）。除了国家，在阶级社会中，社会关系、政党、法律和社会意识形式等，都带有阶级性（金炳华，2003：333）。

定义来源

[1] 吴建国，郭晓磊.从科学路径解读马克思主义的阶级性[J].马克思主义研究，2013，（4）.
[2] 阶级性.via：http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=ZHBkIGhHWp5EP0TYgqj76dIYLAwmjG7JOodl-j-xKXQWFWisDofbe42ZfRYd0GtYP2xGWD-89rs3yOWtOxheA_
[3] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社，2003.

例句

1. 马克思主义的哲学辩证唯物论有两个最显著的特点：一个是它的阶级性，公然申明辩证唯物论是为无产阶级服务的；再一个是它的实践性，强调理论对于实践的依赖关系，理论的基础是实践，又转过来为实践服务。——《毛泽东选集（第一卷）》，1991：261

1. The Marxist philosophy of dialectical materialism has two outstanding characteristics. One is its class nature: it openly avows that dialectical materialism is in the service of the proletariat. The other is its practicality: it emphasizes the dependence of theory on practice, emphasizes that theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice. -Quoted from Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Vol. 2), 1965: 297.

2. 在今天的这种交换中，“质的阶级差别消失在置的差别之中，消失在购买者拥有的货帀的多少中”；金钱的量消灭了阶级的质性差别，“货币作为阶级对立的最高表现，同时使宗教的、等级的、智力的和个人的差别变得模糊”。在这种交换行为中，转化成货币的收入的特性消失了，一切阶级的个人都变得模糊而消失在买者的范畴中，他们在这里同卖者相对立。这就产生了一种假象，即在这种买卖的行为中看到的不是阶级的个人，而是没有阶级性的单纯进行购买的个人。——《回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语》，2009：504

2. In present-day exchange, “the qualitative class differences are transformed into the quantitative difference of a larger or smaller amount of money at the disposal of the buyer.” In other words, the quantity of money destroyed the qualitative differences between the classes: “Money, which is the supreme expression of class contradiction, therefore also obscures religious, social, intellectual and individual differences.” This is because, the specific nature of the income which has been transformed into money disappears in this exchange and the class characteristics of all individuals are blurred and merge in the category of buyer, who in this transaction faces the seller. Hence the illusion of seeing not an individual member of a class in this act of buying and selling, but the purchasing individual as such without class characteristics. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 396-397.

3. 小资产阶级。如自耕农，手工业主，小知识阶层——学生界、中小学教员、小员司、小事务员、小律师，小商人等都属于这一类。这一个阶级，在人数上，在阶级性上，都值得大大注意。——《毛泽东选集（第一卷）》，1991：5

3. The petty bourgeoisie. Included in this category are the owner peasants, the master handicraftsmen, the lower levels of the intellectuals—students, primary and secondary school teachers, lower government functionaries, office clerks, small lawyers and the small traders. Both because of its size and class character, this class deserves very close attention. -Quoted from Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Vol. 1), 1965: 15.

网络参考例句

例句 1：
在马克思主义的科学性与阶级性的关系上，传统解读一直受“科学无阶级性”观点的困扰，或陷于“特殊科学”困境。——“从科学路径解读马克思主义的阶级性”，载于《马克思主义研究》2013年第4期
On the relationship between the scientific nature and the class nature of Marxism, the traditional interpretation has been strongly influenced by the dogma that “science is independent of class” and trapped in the dilemma of “special science”.

例句 2：
阶级性与科学性的关系是对立统一的关系。其统一有两种形式：一是阶级性基础上的统一，二是科学性基础上的统一。——“马克思主义政治经济学的阶级性与科学性及其统一”，载于《菏泽师范专科学校学报》2003年第1期
The relationship between class nature and scientific nature is one of unity and opposites. This unity has two kinds of forms: the unity on the basis of class nature, and the unity on the scientific basis.

例句 3：
从根本上讲，政治文明的阶级性和社会性都是由客观的社会存在决定的。——“论政治文明的阶级性和社会性”，载于《江海学刊》2003年第5期
In nature, the class and social features of political civilization are determined by the objective social existence.