字词 | 资本技术构成 |
释义 | 资本技术构成【英】technical composition of capital译文来源Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 37) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1998:145. 定义资本技术构成是指资本在物质形态上由生产资料的数量同使用这些生产资料的劳动力数量所构成的比例。产业资本家在组织生产活动时,把资本投入生产资料和劳动力两个方面。在生产技术水平和劳动生产率既定的情况下,一定数量的生产资料同使用这些生产资料所必需的劳动力之间,保持着一定的比例关系。马克思把这种比例所决定的资本构成,称为资本的技术构成。(资本技术构成.via: 定义来源[1] 资本技术构成.via: 例句1. 我们把由资本技术构成决定并且反映这种技术构成的资本价值构成,叫作资本的有机构成。这样,就可变资本来说,我们假定它是一定量的劳动力或一定数目的工人或一定量被推动的活劳动的指数。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十五卷上):资本论》,1974:163 1. The value composition of capital, inasmuch as it is determined by, and reflects, its technical composition, is called the organic composition of capital. In the case of variable capital, therefore, we assume that it is the index of a definite quantity of labour power, or of a definite number of labourers, or a definite quantity of living labour set in motion. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 37): Capital, 1998: 145. 2. 因为m’v=m,即剩余价值量,又因为m和v都保持不变,所以m不会因C的变化而受到影响;剩余价值量在变化以后,和在变化以前一样。假定c减为零,p就会=m,利润率就会等于剩余价值率。c的变化,可能由不变资本的物质要素的单纯价值变化引起,也可能由总资本技术构成的变化,即由该生产部门劳动生产率的变化引起。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十五卷上):资本论》,1974:71. 2. Since s'v = s, the quantity of surplus value, and since both s' and v remain constant, it follows that s, too, is not affected by any variation of C. The amount of surplus value is the same after the change as it was before it. If c were to fall to zero, p' would = s', i.e., the rate of profit would equal the rate of surplus value. The alteration of c may be due either to a mere change in the value of the material elements of constant capital, or to a change in the technical composition of the total capital, that is, a change in the productivity of labour in the given branch of industry. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 37): Capital, 1998: 64. 3. 为了推动同量劳动(按照假定,这是对同量原料进行加工所必要的),在一种情况下比在另一种情况下,必须预付较大的资本,因为,比如说,必须从资本100中支付的原料,在一种情况下要花费40,在另一种情况下要花费20,那末,我用资本100就不能推动同样多的劳动。但是,只要较贵的原料的价格下降到较贱的原料的价格,这些资本的技术构成是相等的事实,就会立即表现出来。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十五卷下):资本论》,1974:863 3. For the same quantity of labour to be set in motion (and this would be required, according to our assumption, to work up the same mass of raw materials), a larger capital would have to be advanced in the one case than in the other, since the same amount of labour cannot be set in motion with, say, a capital of 100 if the cost of raw material, which must be covered out of the 100, is 40 in one case and 20 in another. But it would become immediately evident that these two capitals are of the same technical composition, as soon as the price of the dearer raw material fell to the level of the cheaper one. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 37): Capital, 1998: 753. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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