调查研究【英】

investigation and research; investigation; investigation and study

译文来源

[1] Xi Jinping. Xi Jinping: The Governance of China [M]. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2014: 79.
[2] McLellan, D. Marxism after Marx: An Introduction [M]. London: Macmillan Press Ltd., 1998: 358.
[3] Mao Tse-tung. Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Vol. 3) [C]. Peking: Foreign Languages Press, 1965: 134.

定义

调查研究是人们深入现场进行考察，以探求客观事物的真相、性质和发展规律的活动。它是人们认识社会、改造社会的一种科学方法（调查研究.via：http://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%B0%83%E6%9F%A5%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6）。调查研究包括调查和研究两个环节。调查，是通过各种途径和办法，有计划、有目的地了解客观事物的真实情况。研究，是指对调查获得的材料，进行去粗取精、去伪存真、由此及彼、由表及里的探求客观事物本质和规律的活动。它们两者既有明显区别又有紧密的联系。调查是研究的前提和基础，研究是调查的发展和深化。重视调查研究，是我们党在革命、建设、改革开放各个历史时期做好群众工作的一种重要的方法经验。运用调查研究这一党的群众工作方法，需要注意以下几个方面的问题：（1）搞好调查研究，必须深入实际、深入基层、深入群众。（2）搞好调查研究，必须从群众中来、到群众中去，广泛听取群众的意见。（3）搞好调查研究，必须一切从实际情况出发，坚持实事求是的原则，树立求真务实的作风（刘玉瑛，2014：127）。马克思和恩格斯十分重视对社会实际的调查与研究。恩格斯在居留英国期间，曾对英国工人状况和工人运动作了周密的调查研究，写出《英国工人阶级状况》一书。马克思拟定过关于各国工人阶级状况的统计调查提纲和《工人调查表》。长达40年创作《资本论》的过程，就是他对资本主义社会进行调查研究的过程。毛泽东曾提出“没有调查就没有发言权”的论断，并且运用马克思主义的立场、观点和方法，调查和研究中国社会的历史和现状，把马克思主义普遍真理同中国革命实践结合起来，进而提出了指导中国革命的理论和方针政策，赢得了革命的胜利（张福俭，2014：4）。

定义来源

[1] 调查研究.via：http://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%B0%83%E6%9F%A5%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6.
[2] 刘玉瑛.群众工作实用大辞典[Z].中共中央党校出版社，2014.
[3] 张福俭.领导干部调查研究能力提升与调研报告写作规范[M].中国言实出版社，2014.

例句

1. 文件起草组成立以来，在将近7个月的时间里，广泛征求意见，开展专题论证，进行调查研究，反复讨论修改。其间，中央政治局常委会会议3次、中央政治局会议2次分别审议决定，决定征求意见稿还下发党内一定范围征求意见，征求党内老同志意见，专门听取各民主党派中央、全国工商联负责人和无党派人士意见。——《习近平谈治国理政》，2014：73

1. Over a period of about seven months following its founding, the drafting group extensively solicited opinions, carried out appraisals of important topics, conducted investigations and researches, and held discussions and revised the document many times. During this period, three meetings of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau and two meetings of the Political Bureau were held to review the draft Decision. The draft was also circulated among a certain number of Party members and retired Party officials for their suggestions. Opinions were also heard from the central committees of other political parties, heads of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce and individuals with no party affiliation. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 79-80.

2. 不断增长的剩余在消费、投资、乃至在单纯的浪费中找到了某种出路。然而，调查研究表明，消费虽然在绝对数字上是上升的，但从与剩余增长的比例来看，它却是下降的。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》，2008：314

2. The ever-increasing surplus finds some outlet in consumption, in investment, and simply in waste. But investigation shows that consumption, although rising in absolute terms, declines as a proportion of the rising surplus. -Quoted from Marxism after Marx: An Introduction, 1998: 358.

3. 不在生产运动中实行首长负责，自己动手，领导骨干和广大群众相结合，一般号召和个别指导相结合，调查研究，分别缓急轻重，争取男女老幼和游民分子一律参加生产，培养干部，教育群众，只知把生产任务推给建设厅长、供给部长、总务赴长的观点，是错误的。——《毛泽东选集（第三卷）》，1991：867

3. It is wrong, in production campaigns, to shift the task of production to the heads of the local departments in charge of economic development, the army supply chiefs or the administration chiefs in governmental and other bodies, instead of ensuring that the leading cadres themselves assume responsibility and participate personally, that the leading group links itself closely with the masses and general calls are combined with particular and specific guidance, that investigation and study are undertaken and priority is given to what is urgent and important, that efforts are made to bring everyone into production—men and women, young and old, and even the loafers—and that cadres are trained and the masses given education. -Quoted from Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Vol. 3), 1965: 133-134.

网络参考例句

例句 1：
第六部分主要内容是调查研究的理论和实践的意义。——《调查研究与民主革命时期土地政策的历史演变》，湖南工业大学硕士学位论文，2012
Part six discusses historical evolution of land policy under the investigation in the periods of new democratic revolution.

例句 2：
文章结尾对陈云调查研究在当代的重要启示进行概括总结，主要从调查研究是实现科学决策的基础、是提高党的执政能力的重要方法以及是中国特色社会主义建设的必要条件这三点来论述。——《陈云调查研究的思想和实践研究》，哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文，2015
At the end of the paper, it carries out a summary on important contemporary revelation, primarily from the following perspectives: Investigation and research is the basis of scientific decision-making, the important method to strengthen party building and the necessary condition for building socialism with Chinese characteristics.

例句 3：
要充分运用在长期实践中积累的调查研究的有效方法，同时要拓展调研渠道、丰富调研手段、创新调研方式方法。——《调查研究：取得正确认识的根本方法》，山东师范大学硕士学位论文，2014
An effective method should make full use of survey research accumulated in the long-term practice, at the same time expand the research channel, enrich the research methods and innovative research methods.