字词 | 一般劳动时间 |
释义 | 一般劳动时间【英】general labour time; labour time in general译文来源[1] Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 28) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1986: 105. 定义“货币是作为一般对象的劳动时间,或者说,是一般劳动时间的对象化,是作为一般商品的劳动时间”(马克思等,2009:63)。“个人的劳动,要成为交换价值,就必须成为一个一般等价物,也就是说,必须使个人的劳动时间表现为一般劳动时间,或者说,使一般劳动时间表现为个人的劳动时间”(马克思等,1998:425)。“这样就产生了新的困难,一方面,商品必须作为对象化一般劳动时间进入交换过程,另一方面,个人劳动时间作为一般劳动时间的对象化,本身又只是交换过程的产物”(马克思等,1998:438)。“纺纱劳动追加的价值是由它本身的延续时间来计量的,而作为价值,产品无非是一定的一般劳动时间的物化,而不是这种特殊劳动即纺纱劳动的产品,或者说,纺纱劳动只有在它是一般劳动,并且它的持续时间是一般劳动时间的情况下,它才会被考察”(马克思等,1979:140)。 定义来源[1] 马克思,恩格斯.马克思恩格斯文集(第八卷)[C].人民出版社,2009. 例句1. 货币是作为一般对象的劳动时间,或者说,是一般劳动时间的化身,是作为一般商品的劳动时间。劳动时间既然调节交换价值,它实际上就不仅是交换价值内在的尺度,而且是交换价值的实体本身(因为作为交换价值,商品没有任何其他实体,没有自然属性),并且还能自接充当交换价值的货币,即提供交换价值本身得以实现的因素;如果说这一切看来十分简单,那么,这种简单的外表是骗人的。实际情况正相反,交换价值关系—即商品作为彼此相同和彼此可以相等的劳动时间化身的关系—包含着矛后,这种矛后在与劳动时间不同的货币上取得了自己的物的表现。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第四十六卷上)》,1979:116 1. Money is labour time as general object, or the objectification of general labour time, labour time as a general commodity. Thus, if it appears very simple that labour time since it regulates exchange values, is in fact not only their inherent measure, but their very substance (for, as exchange values, commodities have no other substance, no natural characteristics), and can also serve directly as their money, i.e. be the element in which exchange values as such are realised, this apparent simplicity is deceptive. The truth is that the relationship of exchange values of commodities as objectifications of labour time equal to one another and equitable contains contradictions which are objectively expressed in a form of money distinct from labour time. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 28), 1986: 105. 2. 尽管劳动作为雇佣劳动的形式对整个过程的面貌和生产本身的特殊方式有决定的作用,雇佣劳动却并不决定价值。在价值的决定上所涉及的,只是社会一般劳动时间,只是社会一般可以支配的劳动量,而不同的产品在这个劳动量中所吸收的相对量,又在一定程度上决定着它们各自在社会上所占的比重。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十五卷下)》,1974:997 2. Although the form of labour as wage labour is decisive for the form of the entire process and the specific mode of production itself, it is not wage labour which determines value. In the determination of value, it is a question of social labour time in general, the quantity of labour which society generally has at its disposal, and whose relative absorption by the various products determines, as it were, their respective social importance. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 37), 1998: 868. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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