字词 | 物物交换 |
释义 | 物物交换【英】exchange of material; barter译文来源[1] Zhang Yibing. Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics [M]. Göttingen: Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2014: 430. 定义物物交换或称易货交易,是一种商品、劳务以及洽谈同时发生而又没有货币参与的一种初级交易方式。在物物交换中,信用不存在或比较虚弱,交换比率(即价格)不确定,并且在交易或支付中缺少一个抽象的价值尺度。 定义来源刘伟.经济学大辞典[Z].团结出版社,1994. 例句1. 在交换中,价值形式的发展经历了这样的过程:从物物交换到简单价值形式,再发展到扩大了的价值形式,进而演变为一般价值形态即货币。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:545 1. In exchange, the development of the form of value moves through the following process: From exchange of material to simple value forms, then to expanded value forms, and finally to general value form: money. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 430. 2. 货币重新作为金银出现,而不管它是被熔化为金银,还是只按它的金银重量来估价。它再度丧失了它的民族性,而充当各国之间的交换手段,充当普遍的交换手段,但已不再是符号,而是一定数量的金银。因此,在最发达的国际交换制度中,金银又出现了,它们所起的作用同它们在原始物物交换中起过的作用完全一样。我们已经指出,金银和交换本身一样,最初不是出现在一个社会共同体的范围内,而是出现在它的尽头,它的边界上,它和别的共同体接触的少数地点上。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第四十六卷:上)》,1979:176-177 2. It reappears as gold and silver, whether it is melted down into it, or is only valued according to the number of units by weight of gold or silver it contains. It also loses its national character again and serves as means of exchange between nations, as universal means of exchange; no longer as symbol, however, but as a definite quantity of gold and silver. In the most developed system of international exchange, gold and silver therefore reappear in just the form in which they played a role already in primitive barter. Gold and silver, like exchange itself, as already mentioned, do not initially appear within the sphere of a social community but at the point at which it ends, at its boundaries; at its not very numerous points of contact with foreign communities. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 28), 1986: 159. 3. 他发现:交换(der Tausch)或物物交换是社会的、类的行为,社会的联系(gesellschaftliche Beziehung),社会的交往和人在私有权范围内的联合,因而是外部的、外化的、类的行为。正因为这样,它才表现为物物交换。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:185 3. Marx discovers that, Exchange (der Tausch) or barter is therefore the social act, the species- act, the community (gesellschaftliche Beziehung), the social intercourse and integration of men within private ownership, and therefore the external, alienated species-act. It is just for this reason that it appears as barter. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 136. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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