最低生活保障【英】

the minimum living allowance; subsistence allowances; basic cost of living allowances

译文来源

[1] Xi Jinping. Xi Jinping: The Governance of China [M]. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2014: 91.
[2] Report on the Work of Government, 2011. via: http://book.theorychina.org/upload/10b773b7-a8a8-4f8c-84a9-2a4036f7cfaf/
[3] Report on the Work of Government, 2008. via: http://book.theorychina.org/upload/0c537d4f-025a-4b16-8df8-444f68c849b4/

定义

所谓最低生活保障，是指国家和社会为生活在最低保障线之下的社会成员，提供满足最低生活需要的物质帮助的一种社会救助制度安排。最低生活保障制度的根本目标，就是运用国家财力帮助那些低于当地最低生活保障线的贫困人口摆脱生活困境，使其达到最基本的生活水平（吴鹏森等，2015：138-139）。随着社会主义市场经济体制改革的不断深入，产业结构、劳动力结构和物价体系的逐步调整，由此引发的企业停产和破产、工人下岗和失业、物价上涨过快、贫富差距拉大等社会矛盾也日趋严重。最低生活保障制度正是针对这些社会问题应运而生的，其主要目的是切实保护居民的合法权利和基本生活权益，充分保障社会主义市场经济的健康持续发展（丛春霞等，2015：269-270）。最低生活保障线也即低保线，对达到贫困线的人口给予相应补助以保证其基本生活。最低生活保障是保证居民家庭基本生活的生活费用补贴，为贫困人口提供的一种救济方式，具有临时性，即原先享受最低生活保障的人口或家庭，如果收入有所增加，超过了规定的救济标准，则不再享受最低生活保障救济（杨遂全，2015：190）。

定义来源

[1] 吴鹏森，戴卫东.社会救助新编[M].复旦大学出版社，2015.
[2] 丛春霞，刘晓梅.社会保障概论（第3版）[M].东北财经大学出版社，2015.
[3] 杨遂全.劳动法与社会保障法新论[M].四川大学出版社，2015.

例句

1. 三是推进城乡要素平等交换和公共资源均衡配置。主要是保障农民工同工同酬，保障农民公平分享土地增值收益；完善农业保险制度；鼓励社会资本投向农村建设，允许企业和社会组织在农村兴办各类事业；统筹城乡义务教育资源均衡配置，整合城乡居民基本养老保险制度、基本医疗保险制度，推进城乡最低生活保障制度统筹发展，稳步推进城镇基本公共服务常住人口全覆盖，把进城落户农民完全纳入城镇住房和社会保障体系。——《习近平谈治国理政》，2014：81-82

1. Three, promoting equal exchanges of factors of production and balanced allocation of public resources between urban and rural areas. We will ensure migrant workers receive equal pay for equal work, and ensure farmers equally share the gains from added value of land; improve the agricultural insurance system; encourage investment in rural development, and permit enterprises and social organizations to start all kinds of undertakings in rural areas; make a balanced allocation of compulsory education resources between urban and rural areas, integrate the basic old-age insurance and health-care insurance systems of urban and rural residents, and improve the balanced development of the minimum living allowance system in both urban and rural areas; and steadily make basic urban public services available to all permanent residents in cities, and incorporate farmers who have settled down in urban areas into the urban housing and social security network. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 90-91.

2. 最低生活保障制度实现全覆盖，城乡社会救助体系基本建立，社会福利、优抚安置、慈善和残疾人事业取得新进展。——《2011政府工作报告》，2011

2. We achieved complete coverage of the subsistence allowance system; basically put in place an urban-rural government assistance program; and made continued progress in programs related to social welfare, preferential treatment and arrangements for entitled groups, charities, and people who are physically or mentally handicapped. -Quoted from Report on the Work of Government, 2011.

3. 一是着力提高城乡低收入群众的基本收入。稳步提高职工最低工资、企业退休人员基本养老金和城乡居民最低生活保障标准。建立健全职工工资正常增长机制，严格执行最低工资制度。——《2011政府工作报告》，2011

3. First, we will focus on increasing the basic incomes of low-income people in both urban and rural areas. We will steadily increase the minimum wage of workers, basic pensions of enterprise retirees, and subsistence allowances for both urban and rural residents. We will establish a sound mechanism of regular pay raises for workers and strictly enforce the minimum wage system. -Quoted from Report on the Work of Government, 2011.

网络参考例句

例句 1：
本文以农村最低生活保障现状分析作为研究的切入点，借助于制度经济学、管理学等理论分析工具，采用宏观数据与问卷调查、实证与规范相结合等分析方法，对农村最低生活保障问题作了系统的描述和分析。——《农村最低生活保障问题研究》，山东农业大学博士学位论文，2012
On the base of the present situation analysis of the rural minimum life security system and by means of institutional economics, management and other heoretical tools, this paper makes a systematic description and analysis on the rural minimum life security system using the methods of micro data combined with questionnaire survey, empirical analysis and normal analysis.

例句 2：
最低生活保障制度是城市社会救助体系的核心，而低保给付又是低保制度实行的重中之重。——《辽宁省城市最低生活保障给付水平研究》，辽宁大学硕士学位论文，2012
The minimum subsistence guarantee system for urban residents is the core of social reliefs ystem, and minimal assurance standard is the core of the policy.

例句 3：
最后，笔者建议制定一部适合农村发展的《农村最低生活保障法》，并就农村最低生活保障制度的保障对象、保障标准的制定、资金的筹集与管理、政府机构及其工作人员的法律责任、被保障人的法律救济等主要方面做了具体论述，以期完善我国农村最低生活保障制度。——《农村最低生活保障制度研究》，河北大学硕士学位论文，2011
Finally, the author recommended work out a “rural minimum living security law”, which is fit for the development of an appropriate rural development, and the protection of objects of the rural minimum living security system, security standards, how to raise and manage the fund, government agencies and their staff’s legal responsibility, the protection of the legal remedies have don