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字词 古典逻辑
释义

古典逻辑【英】

classical logic

译文来源

[1] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003:566.
[2] classical logic. via: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_logic

定义

古典逻辑是指以亚里士多德词项逻辑和斯多葛学派的命题逻辑为主体内容形成的逻辑体系,亦称传统逻辑,形式逻辑。中国逻辑界称之为普通逻辑。它是研究思维形式及其规律的科学(周建设,1996:269)。在中国,主要指以《墨经》、《荀子·正名》为代表的中国古代逻辑。印度因明亦即印度的古典逻辑。近代产生的数理逻辑也是在古典逻辑基础上发展起来的。1913年,罗素与怀特海合著出版的《数学原理》一书,建立了命题演算和谓词演算的完整体系,奠定了现代逻辑的基础。20世纪以来,数理逻辑在许多科学领域里得到广泛的运用,它的各个分支也急剧发展起来,三值逻辑和多值逻辑也相继产生。在这种情况下,人们也常常在数理逻辑范围内,把由罗素和怀特海所完成的二值命题逻辑称为古典命题逻辑,亦即就现代数理逻辑而言的古典逻辑。但在中国当代逻辑文献中,习惯上将这后述意义下的古典逻辑称为经典逻辑,以同仅指传统逻辑的古典逻辑相区别(金炳华,2003:566)。

定义来源

[1] 周建设.西方逻辑语义研究[M].武汉大学出版社,1996.
[2] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003.

例句

1. 卢卡奇认识到德国古典哲学对马克思主义的重要性,这是一种难能可贵的立场。在1914 年以前的那些年里,他就完全投入到围绕下述主题所展开的论辩中:新康德学派的衰亡、现象学的兴起,以及直觉主义和浪漫主义倾向日益增长的影响。所有这些思潮都是反对自然科学方法论所占据的主导地位的。这种世界观深受狄尔泰的影响,它把历史研究置于中心地位。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》,2008: 165

1. Lukács was in a rare position to appreciate the importance of classical German philosophy for Marxism. In the years before 1914 he had fully assimilated the debates surrounding the demise of the neo-Kantian school, the beginnings of phenomenology, and the growing influence of intuitionist and romantic tendencies, all of which currents were reacting against the primacy attached to the methodology of the natural sciences. Largely inspired by Dilthey, this view of the world held the study of history to be central. -Quoted from: Marxism after Marx: An Introduction, 1998: 173.

2. 正是在这一点上,西斯蒙第也明确反对资产阶级政治经济学的拜物教,但是持这种否定尺度的西斯蒙第与黑格尔截然不同,也不同于后来从客观逻辑出发,将李嘉图颠倒过来以反对资产阶级社会的社会主义经济学家。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:91

2. Also, because of this understanding, Sismondi is clearly opposed to the fetishisms of bourgeois political economy. However, Sismondi, whose opposition is expressed very differently from Hegel’s, is also distinct from the later socialist economists who began with objective logic and inverted Ricardo’s theories in order to oppose bourgeois society. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 58-59.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
模态逻辑作为一种非古典逻辑是与古典逻辑不同类型的逻辑。现代逻辑的研究大体上有两个目的:一是解决数学推理及理论体系建立中的逻辑问题,即给出数学的逻辑基础;另一是以一般的推理为对象,由此而涉及一些特定领域里的推理,解决其中的逻辑问题。——《古典命题逻辑与模态命题逻辑》,河南大学硕士学位论文,2005
Modal logic, as a non-classical logic, is different from classical logic. Mainling the study of modern logic has two aims: one is to solve the logical problems in mathematical deduction and theoretic system building, that is, to give mathematical logical base; the other is to take general inferences as objects, thus involve some inferences in special fields and solve the logical problems in it.

例句 2:
汉传因明与另外两支(印度正理和藏传量论)最大的不同点就是基本不包含认识论的内容,被学界普遍认为具有清晰的古典逻辑特征,在印度古典逻辑学发展中具有里程碑的意义,但是近年来国内在对汉传因明与逻辑学的比较研究中遇到了极大的挑战,主要集中在因三相问题上,并据此对因明的推理性质提出了质疑。——《汉传因明的因三相问题研究》,燕山大学硕士学位论文,2011
Hetuvidy in Chinese language area is one branch of India classical logic inheritance in China and established by Indian Dignga, it and the other two branch ( India Nyya and Tibetan Pramana) the biggest difference is the basic package content of content of epistemology, scholars generally believe that having a clear classical logic features of classical logic, in India development has milepost sense, but in recent years the domestic Chinese logic and logic of comparative study has encountered great challenge, its main problems focusing on Buddhism explanat

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更新时间:2024/10/1 18:32:12