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字词 主客观统一说
释义

主客观统一说【英】

the unification of subjectivity and objectivity

译文来源

朱志荣.也论朱光潜先生的“美是主客观统一”说——兼论黄应全先生的相关评价[J].清华大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2013,28(3):9-16,158.

定义

对美的本质的一种界说。中华人民共和国成立以来美的本质讨论中四种主要观点之一,它认为美是主观作用于客观、两者统一的产物。以朱光潜为代表。在20世纪50年代的美学讨论中,朱光潜明确提出“美是主观与客观的统一”的观点。他认为美必须以客观的自然事物作为条件,但是单纯的客观事物并不成为美,它还仅仅是“物”,而不是“物的形象”。要使“物”变成“物的形象”,就需要加上主观意识形态的作用。在《论美是客观与主观的统一》中,他进一步提出:“美是客观方面某些事物、性质和形状适合主观方面意识形态,可以交融在一起而成为一个完整形象的那种特质。”既有客观性,也有主观性;既有自然性,也有社会性,这就是艺术形象。他认为美是文艺的一种特性,具有意识形态性。60年代初他在《生产劳动与人对世界的艺术掌握》一文中认为人的实践活动的实质,是主体与客体结合的过程。人“按照美的规律去制造事物”,创造出能够体现出人的本质力量的对象世界,人们能够从中观照到自身的力量,从而感到对象是美的。正是在实践过程中,实现了人与自然、主体与客体、心与物的统一(金炳华等,2001:2036-2037)。

定义来源

金炳华,冯契.哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2001.

例句

1. 不顾主客观条件,犯着革命的急性病,不愿意艰苦地做细小严密的群众工作,只想大干,充满着幻想。这是盲动主义的残余。——《毛泽东选集(第一卷)》,1991:85

1. Some comrades, disregarding the subjective and objective conditions, suffer from the malady of revolutionary impetuosity; they will not take pains to do minute and detailed work among the masses, but, riddled with illusions, want only to do big things. This is a remnant of putschism. -Quoted from Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Vol. 1), 1965: 107.

2. 现在,我国社会主义市场经济体制已经初步建立,市场化程度大幅度提高,我们对市场规律的认识和驾驭能力不断提高,宏观调控体系更为健全,主客观条件具备,我们应该在完善社会主义市场经济体制上迈出新的步伐。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:76-77

2. We have now basically established a socialist market economy in our country, with considerable improvement in the degree of marketization. We have gained better knowledge of the market rules and enhanced our capacity to use it to our benefit, and have improved the macro-control system. With both the subjective and objective conditions in place, we should take a new step forward to improve our socialist market economy. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 84.

3. 这本书最突出的特点在于,与作者的主观意图相反,它在客观上代表了马克思主义史内部的一种倾向,这种倾向的所有各种表现形式,不论它们的哲学根据和政治影响是如何极不相同,岂不论它们是愿意还是不愿意,都是反对马克思主义的本体论的根基的。——《历史与阶级意识:关于马克思主义辩证法的研究》,1996:10

3. The book’s most striking feature is that, contrary to the subjective intentions of its author, objectively it falls in with a tendency in the history of Marxist that has taken many different forms. All of them have one thing in common, whether they like it or not and irrespective of their philosophical origins or their political effects: they strike at the very roots of Marxian ontology. -Quoted from History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics, 1971: xvi.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
朱光潜后期在自我检讨和批判,以及别人争鸣、批评的环境中,明确提出“美是主客观统一”的命题,有前后期之间的一贯之处,也有新的发展,其中更强调了审美活动的生成。——“也论朱光潜先生的‘美是主客观统一’说——兼论黄应全先生的相关评价”,载于《清华大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2013年第3期
In Zhu Guangqian’s late period, in the environment of self-examination and criticism, as well as contention and criticism, he asked the proposition that Beauty is the unification of objectivity and subjectivity explicitly, which was in accordance with his prior period viewpoint, had some new development, and took more emphasis on the generation of aesthetic activities.

例句 2:
“违反医疗中的注意义务”是医疗过失的本质。违反注意义务的判断标准在刑法理论上分歧较大。英美法系存在着客观说与主客观统一说之分,大陆法系存在着主观说、客观说、折中说之分,而中国刑法学则存在着主观说与主客观统一说之分。——“论医疗责任事故中的违反注意义务标准”,载于《凯里学院学报》2007年第1期
The Standard of the duty of care differs greatly in the theory of criminal law. Both objective theory and subjective objective theory exist in the Anglo-American Law system .There are three theories in the continental law system: subjective theory, objective theory and compromise theory, but both subject theory and subjective-objective theory exist in the Chinese criminal law.

例句 3:
主观过错说、客观过错说、主客观统一说的产生和发展变化,引起过错标准的相应变化,导致过错概念的含义宽窄不一,从而引发法的价值重心——自由、公平与正义等发生相应的转换。——“过错概念的变化对法的价值重心转换之影响”,载于《南京审计学院学报》2010年第2期
The establishment, development and change of subjective fault theory, objective fault theory and the

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更新时间:2024/11/5 12:21:12