阶级立场【英】

class stand; class position

译文来源

[1] Zhang Yibing. Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics [M]. Göttingen: Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2014: 114, 125.
[2] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社，2003：333.

定义

阶级立场，亦称立场，指从一定阶级出发，认识和处理问题时所处的地位和所抱的态度，反映了该阶级的利益和要求。人们在一定的社会结构体系中，由于所处的地位不同和社会关系的不同而分成不同的社会集团，即阶级。马克思主义认为，财产关系或对生产资料的占有关系，只是区分无产阶级和资产阶级的客观基础；阶级的形成在于人们“阶级立场”的产生，即基于阶级境遇所产生的阶级觉悟、阶级认同和阶级意识（翁定军，2010：86）。阶级立场立足于一定阶级并以这个阶级的利益和要求作为自己思想和行动的根本出发点，阶级立场主要由阶级地位和阶级利益决定，持不同阶级立场的人有不同的思维方式、政治态度和阶级感情（张健彪，冯国根，2009：31）。一般来说，个人的阶级立场由其所属阶级在社会经济结构中所处的地位决定，但也受到其他社会环境因素影响。鉴别一个人的阶级立场，应具体分析他的思想、言论和实际行动的立足点和出发点，而不应该以其家庭出身、阶级成分为主要依据作出武断、片面的判断（金炳华，2003：333）。

定义来源

[1] 翁定军.阶级或阶层意识中的心理因素：公平感和态度倾向[J].社会学研究，2010，（1）.
[2] 张健彪，冯国根.毛泽东阶级立场及其现实意义[J]. 吉林省社会主义学院学报，2009，（4）.
[3] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社，2003.

例句

1. 有许多同志，因为他们自己是从小资产阶级出身，自己是知识分子，于是就只在知识分子的队伍中找朋友，把自己的注意力放在研究和描写知识分子上面。这种研究和描写如果是站在无产阶级立场上的，那是应该的。但他们并不是，或者不完全是。他们是站在小资产阶级立场，他们是把自己的作品当作小资产阶级的自我表现来创作的，我们在相当多的文学艺术作品中看见这种东西。他们在许多时候，对于小资产阶级出身的知识分子寄予满腔的同情，连他们的缺点也给以同情甚至鼓吹。——《毛泽东选集（第三卷）》，1991：813

1. Many comrades concern themselves with studying the petty—bourgeois intellectuals and analysing their psychology, and they concentrate on portraying these intellectuals and excusing or defending their shortcomings, instead of guiding the intellectuals to join with them in getting closer to the masses of workers, peasants and soldiers, taking part in the practical struggles of the masses, portraying and educating the masses. Coming from the petty bourgeoisie and being themselves intellectuals, many comrades seek friends only among intellectuals and concentrate on studying and describing them. Such study and description are proper if done from a proletarian position. But that is not what they do, or not what they do fully. They take the petty-bourgeois stand and produce works that are the self-expression of the petty bourgeoisie, as can be seen in quite a number of literary and artistic products. Often they show heartfelt sympathy for intellectuals of petty-bourgeois origin, to the extent of sympathizing with or even praising their shortcomings. -Quoted from Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung (Vol. 3), 1965: 78.

2. 更进一步则是作为资产阶级古典经济学操作语境的最深层面，即在斯密对现实社会经济结构和规律的研究以及李嘉图对大工业物质生产的分析中，从客观经济现实出发的社会唯物主义的第三层级。而且，马克思同样没有关注的是，在西斯蒙第对工业文明的批判和李斯特、罗雪尔为拒绝英法老牌资产阶级社会经济入侵而对德国经济的个性分析里的那种更具体的现实历史分析。当然，由于资产阶级意识形态的本质，他们不可能真正发现科学的历史唯物主义和历史辩证法。相反，这时青年马克思的思路诚然已经潜含着坚定的无产阶级立场，但其深层语境却仍然是抽象的人本主义价值伦理悬设与批判。——《回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009：158

2. Furthermore, a few exceptional economists, such as Quesnay, Smith, and Ricardo, had already abstracted non-substantive social material existence, including “labor activity,” “value,” and “exchange,” etc. These are the first and second levels of social materialism, what we already identified as starting from the perspective of social material existence and operating in social economic life. Taking this one step further, we arrive at the most profound level of the bourgeois classical economic context: the third level of social materialism, which starts from objective economic reality, as represented by Smith’s study of actual social economic structures and laws, as well as Ricardo’s analysis of the material production of large-scale industry. Marx was also unable to understand the specific analysis of real history found in Sismondi’s criticism of industrial civilization, as well as List and Roscher’s individual analysis of Germany’s economic resistance to the invasion of old English and French bourgeois social economics. Of course, due to the nature of bourgeois ideology, these philosophers were unable to truly discover scientific historical materialism or the historical dialectic. Quite the contrary, although young Marx’s philosophical thinking at this time already contained some elements of the proletariat position, its most profound context was still composed of ethical, humanist value postulates and criticisms. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the context of Economics, 2014: 114.

3. 我们曾经指出，在马克思摘录和评述这些经济学观点的时候，决定其取舍抉择的标准主要是这些观点的政治立场，而不是经济学的理论内容本身。所以，在第五章的关于工资问题的研究中，我们不难发现马克思还是从外在的方面攻击国民经济学的资产阶级立场：精神自由是目的，因此大多数人处于愚钝的奴役状态。肉体需要不是唯一的目的，因此它是大多数人的唯一的目的。或者相反，婚姻是目的，因此大多数人卖淫。财产是目的，因此大多数人没有财产。——《回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009：171

3. We have previously pointed out that as Marx excerpted and commentated on these economics viewpoints, what determined his acceptance or rejection of a particular viewpoint was its political stance, not the content of its economics theory. Thus in Marx’s study of the question of wages found in chapter five of his ntoes, it is not difficult for us to see that he was still attacking the bourgeois position of national economics from the outside. He writes: Spiritual freedom is the purpose, and therefore a majority of people find themselves in a state of dim-witted slavery. Physical needs are not the only purpose, and therefore they become the sole purpose of a majority of people. To put it another way, marriage is the purpose, therefore a majority of people commit adultery. Property is the purpose, and therefore a majority of people do not possess it. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the context of Economics, 2014: 125.

网络参考例句

例句 1：
社会主义时期，阶级斗争在一定范围存在。要正确看待和处理这种阶级斗争，就要像习近平总书记所说的：必须坚持马克思主义政治立场。马克思主义政治立场，首先是阶级立场，进行阶级分析。——“正确认识和处理社会主义时期一定范围的阶级斗争”，载于《南京师大学报（社会科学版）》2016年第1期
During the period of socialism, the class struggle still exists in a certain range. We should correctly deal with the class struggle in such a way proposed by General Secretary Xi Jinping as to uphold the Marxist political stance. The Marxist political stance, first of all, is a class position．

例句 2：
对教师的经济身份、政治身份和意识形态身份的分析识别可以确认教师的阶级地位（location）和阶级立场。——“教师的阶层身份、社会功能与专业化——西方马克思主义关于教师的研究”，载于《教育学报》2005年第3期
Thus their class location and standpoint can be identified by analyzing the economic, political and ideological identification of teaehers.

例句 3：
叙事的阶级立场凸显出来，表现为阶级阵营的统一与阶级意识的分化，以及阶级行动的调整。——“中产阶级的解释逻辑与叙事困境——以中产阶级的学术共同体为例”，载于《甘肃行政学院学报》2011年第4期
At the same time, class stands is especially standing out which reflected in the unification of middle class side and the differentiation of class consciousness, the adjustment of class action.