复苏【英】

recovery; to recover

译文来源

[1] McLellan, D. Marxism after Marx: An Introduction [M]. London: Macmillan Press, 1998: 131.
[2] Report on the Work of the Government, 2016. via:
http://english.gov.cn/premier/news/2016/03/17/content_281475309417987.htm

定义

复苏是经济周期的阶段之一，指资本主义再生产周期中在萧条后高涨前的阶段。资本主义经济危机发生后，经过萧条时期的准备和过渡，使资本主义经济进入了复苏阶级。这个阶段的特点是：投资增长，生产开始恢复、市场变得活跃、商业信用和银行信用陆续扩大，赊购业务不断扩大，利润增加，资本周转加快，工人失业率逐渐降低，社会经济从危机中苏醒过来（陶文楼，1993：118）。在萧条阶段，由于资本家缩减生产和拍卖积压商品，使商品的供应与社会的消费逐渐相适应。随着市场情况慢慢好转，资本家便开始恢复生产和更新固定资本，使社会生产得到逐步恢复和发展，萧条阶段便逐步转入复苏阶段。复苏阶段的显著特征是，固定资本更新继续发展，投资有较大增长，工人就业人数日益增加，社会生产有较大的恢复，对生产资料和消费资料的需求增加，社会购买力提高，市场容量增大，物价回升，资本周转加快，信用扩大，利润增加，资本主义经济有了较大的恢复和发展。当社会生产达到危机前的最高点时，复苏阶段就转入繁荣阶段。（刘炳瑛等，1988）

定义来源

[1] 陶文楼.新时期领导干部实用大辞典[Z].天津人民出版社，1993.
[2] 刘炳瑛，李明湘，卢俊忠. 马克思主义原理辞典[Z]. 浙江人民出版社，1988.

例句

1. “剪刀差”危机是因提高工业品价格的同时降低农产品价格而形成的，它很大程度上应归咎于国家工业占垄断地位，从而有资格在同农业部门的交换中取得有利条件。作为反托洛茨基联盟的代言人，布哈林坚持认为：繁荣的农民经济是工业复苏的先决条件，任何其他政策将损害同农民的有历史意义的联盟。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》，2008：122-123

1. These two opposing viewpoints were first clearly expressed in response to the so-called 'scissors' crisis which emerged in 1923. This involved a rise in industrial prices and a simultaneous fall in agricultural prices, which was largely caused by the monopolistic position of state industry and its ability to turn the terms of trade with the agricultural sector in its own favour. Bukharin, as spokesman for the anti-Trotsky bloc, held to the view that a prosperous peasant economy was the prerequisite for industrial recovery and that any other policy would prejudice the historic alliance with the peasantry. -Quoted from Marxism after Marx: An Introduction, 1998: 131.

2. 从国际看，世界经济深度调整、复苏乏力，国际贸易增长低迷，金融和大宗商品市场波动不定，地缘政治风险上升，外部环境的不稳定不确定因素增加，对我国发展的影响不可低估。——《2016年政府工作报告》

2. Internationally, the global economy is experiencing profound changes and struggling to recover; growth in trade is weak; there are fluctuations in the financial and commodity markets; geopolitical risks are rising; and there are increasing instabilities and uncertainties in China’s external environment. We should not underestimate the impact all of this will have on China’s development. -Quoted from Report on the Work of the Government, 2016.

3. 过去一年，我国发展面临的国际国内环境复杂严峻。全球经济复苏艰难曲折，主要经济体走势分化。国内经济下行压力持续加大，多重困难和挑战相互交织。——《2015年政府工作报告》

3. Over the past year, the international and domestic environments faced by China in its development have been complicated and challenging. The road to global economic recovery has been rough, with many ups and downs, and the performance of the major economies has been divergent Downward pressure on China's economy has continued to mount, and we have faced an array of interwoven difficulties and challenges. -Quoted from Report on the Work of the Government, 2015.

网络参考例句

例句 1：
从清政府在不同时段对辽西采取的土地利用政策和采用的土地利用形式去分析辽西生态环境从复苏发展到变化直至恶化的历史过程，从中管窥土地利用适应生态环境的经验和吸取土地利用破环生态环境的教训，以填补东北区域环境史研究的空白。——《清代辽西土地利用与生态环境变迁研究》，吉林大学博士学位论文，2011
Qing government adopting policies and forms of land use at different times on the west of Liao river to analyze the historical process of recovery, development, change and deterioration on environment, experiences of adaptation to the ecological environment.

例句 2：
因此，春季节俗中自然也就蕴藏着与“始”相关的内涵。这里的“始”包含着开始、复苏、新生等有关复活的意义。——《春季节俗复活主题研究》，中南民族大学硕士学位论文，2013
So the Spring festival custom has contained the relationship of “begin”, which includes the meaning of beginning, recovery, new-born and so on. So it is possible to study the subject of resurrection in the spring festivals.

例句 3：
从2010年开始，世界各国关注重点开始由后次贷危机的经济复苏转向严重的全球性赤字问题。——《欧洲主权债务危机及其对中国的启示》，河北经贸大学硕士学位论文，2012
From 2010, countries began to worry about the problem of global deficit.