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字词 无产阶级革命
释义

无产阶级革命【英】

the proletarian revolution; revolution led by the proletariat

译文来源

[1] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003:346.
[2] Lenin, V. I. Lenin Collected Works (Vol. 9) [M]. Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1974: 401-402.
[3] Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 25) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1990: 427.

定义

无产阶级革命,是无产阶级领导广大劳动人民,为推翻资产阶级统治,改变资本主义生产方式,争取无产阶级和全人类的解放而进行的革命斗争。无产阶级革命是一个内涵比较广泛的一般与资产阶级革命相对的概念。它包括无产阶级在没有取得政治统治地位之前,不管革命的任务,革命的社会内容是什么,只要是无产阶级发动和领导的革命,都可以叫做无产阶级革命,革命的目的或者说革命的直接任务,就是使无产阶级夺取政治的统治地位,建立无产阶级专政的国家。无产阶级革命的特点是建立无产阶级专政的国家政权;建立社会主义公有制;建立广泛的革命统一战线;为绝大多数人谋利益等。因此,无产阶级革命是人类历史上最广泛、最深刻、最彻底的革命。它与过去一切革命的不同就是要彻底的消灭一切剥削制度(金炳华,2003:346)。但从无产阶级革命的实践和理论来考察,这两个概念是应当而且必须明确区分的(无产阶级革命.via:
http://www.baike.com/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E4%BA%A7%E9%98%B6%E7%BA%A7%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD)。这两个概念一直是混用的,说无产阶级革命,也意味著就是社会主义革命;说社会主义革命,也意味著就是无产阶级革命。实际上,社会主义革命当然是而且只能是无产阶级发动和领导的革命,但这是在无产阶级取得统治地位之后,在无产阶级专政的条件下进行的把资本主义生产资料私有制社会改变为社会主义公有制社会的革命。无论就革命的对象,革命的任务和革命的方式来说,同无产阶级为夺取政权的革命是有区别的。

定义来源

[1] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003.
[2] 无产阶级革命.via:
http://www.baike.com/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E4%BA%A7%E9%98%B6%E7%BA%A7%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD

例句

1. 第一,恩格斯在这段论述中一开始就说,无产阶级将取得国家政权,“这样一来也就消灭了作为国家的国家”。这是什么意思,人们是“照例不”思索的。通常不是完全忽略这一点,就是认为这是恩格斯的一种“黑格尔主义的毛病”。其实这句话扼要地表明了最伟大的一次无产阶级革命的经验,即1871年巴黎公社的经验,关于这一点,我们在下面还要详细地加以论述。实际上恩格斯在这里所讲的是以无产阶级革命来“消灭”资产阶级国家,而他讲的自行消亡是指社会主义革命以后无产阶级国家制度残余。按恩格斯的看法,资产阶级国家不是“自行消亡”的,而是由无产阶级在革命中来“消灭”的。在这个革命以后,自行消亡的是无产阶级的国家或半国家。——《列宁全集(第三十一卷)》,1985:16

1. In the first place, at the very outset of his argument, Engels says that, in seizing state power, the proletariat thereby “abolishes the state as state”. It is not done to ponder over the meaning of this. Generally, it is either ignored altogether, or is considered to be something in the nature of “Hegelian weakness” on Engels’s part. As a matter of fact, however, these words briefly express the experience of one of the greatest proletarian revolutions, the Paris Commune of 1871, of which we shall speak in greater detail in its proper place. As a matter of fact, Engels speaks here of the proletariat revolution “abolishing” the bourgeois state, while the words about the state withering away refer to the remnants of the proletarian state after this socialist revolution. According to Engels, the bourgeois state does not “wither away”, but is “abolished” by the proletariat in the course of the revolution. What withers away after this revolution is the proletarian state or semi-state. -Quoted from Lenin Collected Works (Vol. 25), 1974: 401-402

2. 那末试问:俄国公社,这一固然已经大遭破坏的原始土地公共所有制形式,是能直接过渡到高级的共产主义的土地所有制形式呢?或者,它还须先经历西方的历史发展所经历的那个解体过程呢?对于这个问题,目前唯一可能的答复是:假如俄国革命将成为西方无产阶级革命的信号而双方互相补充的话,那末现今的俄国公共所有制便能成为共产主义发展的起点。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十二卷)》,1965:503

2. Now the question is: can the Russian commune, this form of the original common ownership of land which is actually already in a state of severe disintegration, make the direct transition into a higher communist form of landed property-or must if first undergo the same process of dissolution that characterizes the historical development of the West? The only possible answer to this question today is as follows: when the Russian revolution gives the signal for a workers’ revolution in the West, so that each complements the other, then Russian landed property might become the starting point for a communist development. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 27), 1990: 427.

3. 马克思曾反复谈到过不应该有这种分离,并指出每一种经济斗争的本质都会使之向政治斗争过渡(反之亦然),然而要把这种经济斗争和政治斗争分离的观点从无产阶级理论中清除出去也确实是不可能的。对阶级意识本身的这种错误见解的原因恰恰在于个别目标和最终目标的辩证的分离,因此最终也在于无产阶级革命的辩证分化。——《历史与阶级意识:关于马克思主义辩证法的研究》,1996:130

3. Marx repeatedly posed the fallacy of this split and demonstrated that it is in the nature of every economic struggle to develop into a political one (and vice versa). Nevertheless it has not proved possible to eradicate this heresy from the theory of the proletariat. The cause of this aberration is to be found in the dialectical separation of immediate objectives and ultimate goal and, hence, in the dialectical division within the proletarian revolution itself. -Quoted from History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectic, 1971: 71.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
马克思在早期的研究中认为资本主义是世界历史的必然发展途径,但随着资本主义在欧洲进入上升时期,马克思恩格斯曾经设想在发达资本主义国家爆发无产阶级革命的历史条件已经不具备了。——“马克思主义东方社会理论发展探析”,载于《鞍山师范学院学报》2014年第1期
In earlier studies of Marx thought, capitalism is an inevitable development path of world history. But with the rise of capitalism in Europe, Marx and Engels envisaged the outbreak of the proletarian revolution in the developed capitalist countries did not have the historical conditions.

例句 2:
在资本主义条件下,工会与党的政治任务相同,同是推翻资产阶级统治的阶级组织,但在无产阶级革命事业中的地位和作用是不同的。——“马克思恩格斯关于工会与无产阶级政党关系的思想”,载于《工会论坛——山东管理学院学报》2013年第4期
Under capitalism, unions and the party have the same political task of overthrowing the class organization ruled by bourgeois. However, they have different positions and roles in the cause of the proletarian revolution.

例句 3:
《无产阶级革命和叛徒考茨基》是列宁为了驳斥德国社会民主党和第二国际主要理论家卡尔·考茨基的《无产阶级专政》中的错误观点而撰写的论述无产阶级革命和无产阶级专政的重要理论著作。——“马克思主义人权理论的重要里程碑——列宁《无产阶级革命和叛徒考茨基》研读”,载于《平顶山学院学报》2012年第4期
The Proletarian Revolution and the Renegade Kautsky is an important theoretical book on proletarian revolution and proletarian dictatorship written by Lenin to refute the wrong viewpoints in The Proletarian Dictatorship by Kautsky, a major theorist of the German Social Democratic Party and the Second International.

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更新时间:2024/11/5 5:40:54