字词 | 无产阶级革命 |
释义 | 无产阶级革命【英】the proletarian revolution; revolution led by the proletariat译文来源[1] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003:346. 定义无产阶级革命,是无产阶级领导广大劳动人民,为推翻资产阶级统治,改变资本主义生产方式,争取无产阶级和全人类的解放而进行的革命斗争。无产阶级革命是一个内涵比较广泛的一般与资产阶级革命相对的概念。它包括无产阶级在没有取得政治统治地位之前,不管革命的任务,革命的社会内容是什么,只要是无产阶级发动和领导的革命,都可以叫做无产阶级革命,革命的目的或者说革命的直接任务,就是使无产阶级夺取政治的统治地位,建立无产阶级专政的国家。无产阶级革命的特点是建立无产阶级专政的国家政权;建立社会主义公有制;建立广泛的革命统一战线;为绝大多数人谋利益等。因此,无产阶级革命是人类历史上最广泛、最深刻、最彻底的革命。它与过去一切革命的不同就是要彻底的消灭一切剥削制度(金炳华,2003:346)。但从无产阶级革命的实践和理论来考察,这两个概念是应当而且必须明确区分的(无产阶级革命.via: 定义来源[1] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003. 例句1. 第一,恩格斯在这段论述中一开始就说,无产阶级将取得国家政权,“这样一来也就消灭了作为国家的国家”。这是什么意思,人们是“照例不”思索的。通常不是完全忽略这一点,就是认为这是恩格斯的一种“黑格尔主义的毛病”。其实这句话扼要地表明了最伟大的一次无产阶级革命的经验,即1871年巴黎公社的经验,关于这一点,我们在下面还要详细地加以论述。实际上恩格斯在这里所讲的是以无产阶级革命来“消灭”资产阶级国家,而他讲的自行消亡是指社会主义革命以后无产阶级国家制度残余。按恩格斯的看法,资产阶级国家不是“自行消亡”的,而是由无产阶级在革命中来“消灭”的。在这个革命以后,自行消亡的是无产阶级的国家或半国家。——《列宁全集(第三十一卷)》,1985:16 1. In the first place, at the very outset of his argument, Engels says that, in seizing state power, the proletariat thereby “abolishes the state as state”. It is not done to ponder over the meaning of this. Generally, it is either ignored altogether, or is considered to be something in the nature of “Hegelian weakness” on Engels’s part. As a matter of fact, however, these words briefly express the experience of one of the greatest proletarian revolutions, the Paris Commune of 1871, of which we shall speak in greater detail in its proper place. As a matter of fact, Engels speaks here of the proletariat revolution “abolishing” the bourgeois state, while the words about the state withering away refer to the remnants of the proletarian state after this socialist revolution. According to Engels, the bourgeois state does not “wither away”, but is “abolished” by the proletariat in the course of the revolution. What withers away after this revolution is the proletarian state or semi-state. -Quoted from Lenin Collected Works (Vol. 25), 1974: 401-402 2. 那末试问:俄国公社,这一固然已经大遭破坏的原始土地公共所有制形式,是能直接过渡到高级的共产主义的土地所有制形式呢?或者,它还须先经历西方的历史发展所经历的那个解体过程呢?对于这个问题,目前唯一可能的答复是:假如俄国革命将成为西方无产阶级革命的信号而双方互相补充的话,那末现今的俄国公共所有制便能成为共产主义发展的起点。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十二卷)》,1965:503 2. Now the question is: can the Russian commune, this form of the original common ownership of land which is actually already in a state of severe disintegration, make the direct transition into a higher communist form of landed property-or must if first undergo the same process of dissolution that characterizes the historical development of the West? The only possible answer to this question today is as follows: when the Russian revolution gives the signal for a workers’ revolution in the West, so that each complements the other, then Russian landed property might become the starting point for a communist development. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 27), 1990: 427. 3. 马克思曾反复谈到过不应该有这种分离,并指出每一种经济斗争的本质都会使之向政治斗争过渡(反之亦然),然而要把这种经济斗争和政治斗争分离的观点从无产阶级理论中清除出去也确实是不可能的。对阶级意识本身的这种错误见解的原因恰恰在于个别目标和最终目标的辩证的分离,因此最终也在于无产阶级革命的辩证分化。——《历史与阶级意识:关于马克思主义辩证法的研究》,1996:130 3. Marx repeatedly posed the fallacy of this split and demonstrated that it is in the nature of every economic struggle to develop into a political one (and vice versa). Nevertheless it has not proved possible to eradicate this heresy from the theory of the proletariat. The cause of this aberration is to be found in the dialectical separation of immediate objectives and ultimate goal and, hence, in the dialectical division within the proletarian revolution itself. -Quoted from History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectic, 1971: 71. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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