字词 | 平均利润 |
释义 | 平均利润【英】average profit译文来源Marx, K. & F. Engel. Marx & Engels Collected Works (Vol. 04) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1975: 378. 定义平均利润又称“一般利润”,是指以预付资本大小按平均利润率计算归每个生产部门资本家所获得的利润。平均利润是不同部门的资本家,根据资本的大小,按照平均利润率获得的利润。它是社会总剩余价值按平均利润率分摊到社会各个个别资本的份额。用公式表示为:平均利润=预付资本×平均利润率。平均利润仍然是剩余价值的转化形式(平均利润.via: 定义来源[1] 平均利润.via: 例句1. 这样,资本家互相争夺工人,工资就上升起来。但是它也只能上升到已经增加的需求所容许的程度。资本家可以牺牲一些非常的利润,但是当他必须牺牲自己的通常的利润即平均利润的时候,他就会想办法不付那超过平均工资的工资了。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二卷)》,1957:362-363 1. So one capitalist after another goes in chase of workers, and wages rise; but only as high as the increasing demand permits. If the capitalist, who willingly sacrificed a part of his extraordinary profit, runs into danger of sacrificing any part of his ordinary average profit, he takes very good care not to pay more than average wages. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 04), 1975: 378. 2. 布尔加柯夫先生根本没有弄懂马克思的地租理论。他以为他提出如下两点反驳意见就可以粉碎这个理论:(1)按马克思的观点,农业资本也参与利润率的平均化,因此超过平均利润率的超额利润就构成地租。——《列宁全集(第五卷)》,1986:99 2. Mr. Bulgakov has completely failed to understand Marx’s theory of rent. He is convinced that he has shattered this theory by the two following arguments: (1) According to Marx, agricultural capital enters into the equalisation of the rate of profit, so that rent is created by a surplus profit that exceeds the average rate of profit. -Quoted from Lenin Collected Works (Vol. 05), 1977: 120. 3. 因为一般利润率不仅由每个部门的平均利润率决定,而且还由总资本在不同特殊部门之间的分配决定;并且因为这种分配经常在变动,所以这又是一般利润率变动的一个经常的原因,——但是变动的这个原因,又由于这个运动的不间断性和全面性,在很大程度上使自己失去作用。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十五卷)》,1974:189-190 3. Since the general rate of profit is not only determined by the average rate of profit in each sphere, but also by the distribution of the total social capital among the different individual spheres, and since this distribution is continually changing, it becomes another constant cause of change in the general rate of profit. But it is a cause of change which mostly paralyses itself, owing to the uninterrupted and many-sided nature of this movement. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 37), 1998: 168. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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