字词 | 供求规律 |
释义 | 供求规律【英】law of supply and demand译文来源Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 35) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1996:634. 定义供求规律是指商品的供求关系与价格变动之间的相互制约的必然性。它是商品经济的规律,包括以下内容:(1)供求变动影响价格的变动。商品供不应求,价格就要上涨。这种供不应求会引起价格上涨的趋势,就其作用的实际表现看,可以在供应量不变,而需求量增加的情况下发生;可以在需求量不变,而供应量减少的情况下发生;也可以在供应量的增长赶不上需求量的增长或供应量减少超过需求量减少的情况下发生。商品供过于求,价格就下降。这种供过于求会引起价格下降的趋势,就其作用的实际表现看,可以在需求量不变,而供应量增加的情况下发生;可以在供应量不变,需求量减少的情况下发生;也可以在需求量的增长赶不上供应量的增长或需求量的减少超过供应量减少的情况下发生。(2)价格的变动引起供求的变动。生产决定交换,决定着供应和需求。价格不能决定商品的供应总量和需求总量,但却决定个别商品的供求。其他因素不变,市场需求量按市场价格变动相反的方向变动,即价格上涨,需求减少;价格下跌,需求增加。在其他条件不变的情况下,市场供给量按市场价格变动相同的方向变动,即价格上涨,供给增加;价格下跌,供给减少。价格的涨落会调节供求,使之趋于平衡,再往前发展,就出现相反的供求状态,使价格下跌或上升,从而形成了供求和价格两个互相作用的运动循环。 定义来源何盛明.财经大辞典·上卷[Z].中国财政经济出版社,1990. 例句1. 另一方面,例如在殖民地,只要有不利的情况妨碍建立产业后备军,从而妨碍工人阶级绝对地隶属于资本家阶级,资本就会同它的庸俗的桑科·判札一道起来反叛“神圣的”供求规律,并企图用强制手段来阻碍它发挥作用。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十三卷):资本论》,1972:702. 1. But, on the other hand, as soon as (in the colonies, e. g.) adverse circumstances prevent the creation of an industrial reserve army and, with it, the absolute dependence of the working class upon the capitalist class, capital, along with its commonplace Sancho Panza, rebels against the "sacred" law of supply and demand, and tries to check its inconvenient action by forcible means and State interference. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 35): Capital, 1996: 634. 2. 发达的资本主义生产过程的组织粉碎一切反抗;相对过剩人口的不断产生把劳动的供求规律,从而把工资限制在与资本增殖需要相适应的轨道以内;经济关系的无声的强制保证资本家对工人的统治。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十三卷):资本论》,1972:806. 2. The organization of the capitalist process of production, once fully developed, breaks down all resistance. The constant generation of a relative surplus population keeps the law of supply and demand of labour, and therefore keeps wages, in a rut that corresponds with the wants of capital. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 35): Capital, 1996: 726. 3. 究竟应该怎样治疗殖民地的反资本主义的痼疾呢?如果一下子把全部土地由人民财产变为私有财产,这固然会消除祸根,但同时也会消除殖民地。必须有一举两得的妙计。政府应当对处女地规定出一种不以供求规律为转移的价格,即人为的价格,迫使移民在赚到足够的钱购买土地,成为独立农民以前,必须从事较长时期的雇佣劳动。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十三卷):资本论》,1972:841. 3. How, then, to heal the anti-capitalistic cancer of the colonies? If men were willing, at a blow, to turn all the soil from public into private property, they would destroy certainly the root of the evil, but also the colonies. The trick is how to kill two birds with one stone. Let the Government put upon the virgin soil an artificial price, independent of the law of supply and demand, a price that compels the immigrant to work a long time for wages before he can earn enough money to buy land, and turn himself into an independent peasant. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 35): Capital, 1996: 758-759. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
随便看 |
汉译英翻译词典收录46835条汉英翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用中文字词的英语拼写、翻译、音标、读音、用法、例句等,是英语学习的有利工具。