请输入您要查询的字词:

 

字词 赫拉克利特
释义

赫拉克利特【英】

Heraclitus

译文来源

[1] via: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heraclitus
[2] Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 5): The German Ideology [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1975: 124.

定义

赫拉克利特(Heraclitus,公元前540—前470)是希腊哲学家、爱菲斯学派的代表人物(via: http://baike.baidu.com/view/23031.htm)。赫拉克利特出生在伊奥尼亚地区的爱菲斯城邦的一个王族家庭。本来应该继承王位的赫拉克利特将王位让给了兄弟,自己跑到女神阿尔迪美斯庙附近隐居起来(via: http://baike.sogou.com/v415268.htm)。赫拉克利特的理论以毕达哥拉斯学说为基础。毕达哥拉斯学派认为万物的本原是数,万物的存在和变化根据一定的数的比率关系,整个宇宙就是按一定的数的比例组成的有秩序的科斯摩斯;赫拉克利特则用“逻各斯”这一概念将毕达哥拉斯学派的思想进行了表达。在赫拉克利特看来,万物的本原是火,宇宙是永恒的活火,因为有秩序的宇宙既不是神也不是人所创造的,宇宙本身是它自己的创造者,宇宙的秩序都是由宇宙自身的逻各斯所规定的。这既是赫拉克利特学说的本质,也是赫拉克利特对米利都学派的朴素唯物论思想的继承和的发展(via: http://baike.so.com/doc/2066904-2186600.html)。此外,赫拉克利特借用毕达哥拉斯“和谐”的概念,认为在对立与冲突的背后有某种程度的和谐,而协调本身不引人注目,赫拉克利特认为冲突使世界充满生气。在赫拉克利特看来,客观事物是永恒运动、变化和发展的,万物的变动是按照一定的尺度和规律进行的(via: http://www.bing.com/knows/search?q=%e8%b5%ab%e6%8b%89%e5%85%8b%e5%88%a9%e7%89%b9&mkt=zh-cn&FORM=BKACAI)。不同于米利都学派,以毕达哥拉斯学派和赫拉克利特为代表的希腊哲学,已经不满足于寻求万物的本原,而开始寻求隐藏在现象背后的带有规律性的东西,这是当时哲学上的一个重大发展(via: http://www.baike.com/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E5%88%A9%E7%89%B9)。赫拉克利特著有《论自然》一书,现留存有残篇(via: http://baike.baidu.com/view/23031.htm)。

定义来源

[1] 赫拉克利特.via:
http://baike.baidu.com/view/23031.htm
[2] 赫拉克利特.via:
http://baike.sogou.com/v415268.htm
[3] 赫拉克利特.via:
http://baike.so.com/doc/2066904-2186600.html
[4] 赫拉克利特.via:
http://www.bing.com/knows/search?q=%e8%b5%ab%e6%8b%89%e5%85%8b%e5%88%a9%e7%89%b9&mkt=zh-cn&FORM=BKACAI
[5] 赫拉克利特.via:
http://www.baike.com/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E5%88%A9%E7%89%B9

例句

1. 斯多葛派“关于自然界会说”,物理学是对哲学家最重要的科学之一;他们甚至还因此而致力于进一步发展赫拉克利特的物理学;他们“还会说”,ωρα,即男性美,是应该由个体来体现的最高的东西,并且他们恰恰歌颂与自然界相协调的生活,尽管他们在这里陷入了矛盾。根据斯多葛派的意见,哲学分为三个科目:“物理学、伦理学、逻辑学”。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第三卷):德意志意识形态》,1956:144

1. The Stoics were able to “say about nature” that physics is one of the most important sciences for the philosopher and consequently they even went to the trouble of further developing the physics of Heraclitus; they were “further able to say” that the ωρα, masculine beauty, is the highest that the individual could represent, and glorified life in tune with nature, although they fell into contradictions in so doing. According to the Stoics, philosophy is divided into three doctrines: “physics, ethics, logic”. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 5): The German Ideology, 1975: 139.

2. 戴着否定的辩证法之有色眼镜的阿多诺,把这一切讲得过于严重了。这样,爱利亚学派所追求的“万变之中的不变”(存在),赫拉克利特探寻的物相背后的“活火”(逻各斯),拒斥世俗人间的上帝之城(神权与父权),启蒙运动重新复归的人(无声的类人),都必是同一性的强制。——《文本的深度耕犁:后马克思主义思潮哲学文本解读》,2007:25

2. Viewing this through the colored glasses of Negative Dialectics, Adorno has made exaggerations. According to him, “the unchangeable in all changes” (being) pursued by Eleatic School, the “live fire” (logos) that Heraclitus searched for behind the objects, City of God (theocracy and patriarchy) that rejects the secular world, and the human being that resurrected in Enlightenment all result from the enforcement of identity. -Quoted from A Deep Plough: Unscrambling Major Post-Marxist Texts From Adorno to Zizek, 2011: 46.

3. 再者,在亚里士多德之后出现的体系,仿佛都可以在往昔找到它们现成的基础,这种说法有何根据呢?把德谟克利特和昔勒尼派、赫拉克利特和昔尼克派结合在一起,这又怎样予以说明呢?在伊壁鸠鲁派、斯多亚派和怀疑派那里,自我意识的一切环节都得到充分表现,不过每个环节都表现为一种特殊的存在,难道这是偶然的吗?——《马克思恩格斯全集(第一卷:上)》,1960:17

3. Moreover, what is the reason why the systems that follow after Aristotle find their foundations as it were ready made in the past, why Democritus is linked to the Cyrenaics and Heraclitus to the Cynics? Is it an accident that with the Epicureans, Stoics and Sceptics all moments of self-consciousness are represented completely, but every moment as a particular existence? -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 1), 1975: 35.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
该文从赫拉克利特的哲学思想基本内容入手,进而分析赫拉克利特哲学思想产生的社会根基和理论渊源,且又进一步探究赫拉克利特哲学思想的历史地位和影响。——“赫尔岑思想和性格的多重性及其马赛克文体”,载于《俄罗斯学刊》2012年第4期 
This paper based on the basic contents of philosophic although of Heraclitus, analyzed social foundation sand theoretical sources of Heraclitus’ philosophical thoughts, and further explored its historical status and influence.

例句 2:
因此,正确的理解了其流变理论,也就掌握了赫拉克利特思想中最关键的部分。——《赫拉克利特流变理论研究》,西南大学硕士学位论文,2008
Therefore, we can comprehend the key to Heraclitus research through understanding the flux theory correctly.

例句 3:
第二章及结语谈及海德格尔对早期希腊思想中赫拉克利特[逻各斯]的解释。——《海德格尔的赫拉克利特阐释》,海南大学硕士学位论文,2012
The third chapter and the last chapter deals with Heidegger’s interpretation on Heraclitus’ (logos).

随便看

 

汉译英翻译词典收录7925条汉英翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用中文字词的英语拼写、翻译、音标、读音、用法、例句等,是英语学习的有利工具。

 

Copyright © 2004-2024 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间:2024/6/17 8:12:48