字词 | 个人崇拜 |
释义 | 个人崇拜【英】cult of personality译文来源[1] via: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cult_of_personality 定义个人崇拜是指片面夸大个人作用,将个别人物当作偶像崇拜或加以神化的社会现象。个人崇拜产生的原因十分复杂,其主要的现实的根源是私有制和小生产的习惯势力,人们在远古时代由于愚昧无知产生了对自然物和自然现象的崇拜,进入阶级社会后,由于脑力劳动和体力劳动的分工,阶级、国家等各类社会意识形式产生,人们形成了对上帝、神甫、君主、元首以及各种英雄人物的个人崇拜(via: http://www.baike.com/wiki/%25E4%25B8%25AA%25E4%25BA%25BA%25E5%25B4%2587%25E6%258B%259C);产生个人崇拜的认识上的根源是,人们往往在复杂的社会现象中,只看到声名显赫的杰出人物在历史中的活动,而忽视了默默无闻的广大群众的作用,进而将历史进步的成就归功于个别的伟大人物(via: http://baike.sogou.com/v38118017.htm)。个人崇拜是唯心史观的极端而粗俗的表现之一。个人崇拜一旦侵入无产阶级政党的肌体及其革命运动,会给无产阶级事业造成极大危害;个人崇拜会助长个人专断、家长制作风,损害党的民主集中制和集体领导原则;个人崇拜会对人民群众的主动性和积极性形成压抑;个人崇拜易导致教条主义和形式主义,妨碍对真理的自由探讨。反对个人崇拜是马克思主义的基本原则,马克思主义者坚决反对任何形式的个人崇拜(via: http://baike.baidu.com/subview/87040/87040.html)。无产阶级取得革命胜利之后,仍存在个人崇拜现象,这是因为无产阶级取得革命胜利之后不可能在短时间内完全肃清个人崇拜的影响,同时,社会主义社会的某些具体制度和环节上的缺陷也为个人崇拜的产生制造了条件(via: http://baike.so.com/doc/6690104-6904009.html)。 定义来源[1] 个人崇拜.via: 例句1. 接下来,斯大林对党的控制比以往任何时候都更为严密,他推行的政策也更为极端化了。整个1928年,粮食供应问题依然存在,而就在这年夏天,他还拒绝接受在农村发动阶级战争和剥夺富农的观点(第一个五年计划规定,到1933年集体化农户只占20%);可是1929年下半年内,一场急剧的变革便显露出来了,这是斯大林的“自上而下革命”的先兆。斯大林越来越独断专行,同农民的关系也恶化了,反右运动愈演愈烈“个人崇拜”掩盖了集体化运动中政府所面临的各种明显的困难,并逐渐形成气候。在共产国际内部,同非共产主义的社会主义者联盟的政策(以前曾遭到托洛茨基的猛烈批判)也被抛弃了;而社会民主党人被当做社会法西斯主义者,甚至作为比真正的法西斯分子还要强大的敌人而遭到反对。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》,2008:3 1. Now more than ever in control of the Party, Stalin radicalised his policies. Throughout 1928 the problem of grain supplies continued and, although in the summer of 1928 he had still rejected the notions of class war in the countryside and expropriation of the kulaks (the first Five Year Plan provided for collectivisation of only 20 per cent of farming by 1933), a rapid change was evident during the last six months of 1929, presaging his ‘revolution from above'. Decisions were increasingly taken by Stalin alone, relations with peasantry worsened, the anti-Right campaign grew in violence, and there was a building-up of the ‘cult of the personality’ to counteract campaign. In the Comintern, too, the policy of alliance with non-Communist Socialists (so strongly criticized earlier by Trotsky) was jettisoned; Social Democrats were regarded as social Fascists and even as greater enemies than the Fascists themselves. -Quoted from Marxism after Marx: An Introduction, 1998: 145. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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