量变【英】

quantitative change; quantitative transition; changes in quantity

译文来源

[1] Lukács, G. History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics [M]. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 1968: 167.
[2] McLellan, D. Marxism after Marx: An Introduction [M]. London: Macmillan Press, 1998: 148.

定义

量变又称为“渐变”，“量变”与“质变”是事物发展的两种状态。量变是指事物逐渐的、不显著的变化，是事物数量的增加或减少，不是事物根本性质的变化。任何事物的变化发展，都是从量的变化开始的。量变的形式基本上有两种，第一种是数量上的增减；另一种是由于构成事物的成分在空间关系即排列次序和结构形式上的变化。量变超出一定范围。便会引起质变（许嘉璐，1990：72）。

定义来源

许嘉璐.中国中学教学百科全书·政治卷[Z].沈阳出版社，1990.

例句

1. 当恩格斯把水从被态转变为固态和气态作为从量到质的骤变的例子时，就这些转折点而言，这个例子是正确的。但是这种论证忽视了这样的情况：如果改变现察角度的话，连那些这时表现为单纯的量变的转变也立即就具有了一种质变的特征。(这可以用一个十分普通的例子来说明，即水的可饮性，当“量”的变化达到一定程度，那喝完时，就会具有一种质的特质。)——《历史与阶级意识：关于马克思主义辩证法的研究》，1996：250-251

1. When Engels illustrates the transformation of quantity into quality by pointing to the example of water changing into solid or gaseous form he is in the right so far as these points of transition are concerned. But this ignores the fact that when the point of view is changed even the transitions that had seemed to be purely quantitative now become qualitative. (To give an extremely trivial example, consider what happens when water is drunk; there is here a point at which ‘quantitative’ changes take on a qualitative nature.) -Quoted from History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics, 1971: 167.

2. 如果把这两个系列，可能的量变及其向质的骤变（这种金额的增减和劳动时间的增减）加以比较的话，那末在第一种情况下，确实只涉及到黑格尔所谓的“度量关节线”，而在第二种情况下，就其内在本质而言，每一个变化都是一种质变，尽管工人的社会环境迫使他只看到这种变化的数量表现形式，然而这种变化的本质，恰恰就寓于质的特性之中。之所以产生这种双重表现形式，显然是由于对工人来说，劳动时间不仅是他出卖的商品，即劳动力的客体形式（作为这种形式，问题对她来说也就是一种等价物的交换，即量的关系），而且同时是他作为主体，作为人而存在的决定性的生存形式。——《历史与阶级意识：关于马克思主义辩证法的研究》，1996: 404

2. Let us now compare these two series (the growth or reduction in the sum of money and the increase or decrease in labour-time) and examine their possible quantitative changes and their transformation into quality. We note that in the first case we are in fact confronted only by what Hegel calls a “knotted line of proportional relations”. Whereas in the second case every change is one of quality in its innermost nature and although its quantitative appearance is forced on to the worker by his social environment, its essence for him lies in its qualitative implications. This second aspect of the change obviously has its origin in the fact that for the worker labour-time is not merely the objective form of the commodity he has sold, i.e. his labour-power (for in that form the problem for him, too, is one of the exchange of equivalents, i.e. a quantitative matter). But in addition it is the determining form of his existence as subject, as human being. -Quoted from History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics, 1971: 167.

3. 可以概述斯大林的理论的主要教科书是《联共（布）党史简明教程》，它于1938年问世，并连续近20年被当做共产主义理论的最权威读物。该书包括以下几项创新：首先，斯大林颠倒了恩格斯论述的顺序，在论述哲学之前论述了辩证法。大量依据恩格斯的后期著作和列宁的《唯物主义和经验批判主义》，把辩证法（斯大林把它与形而上学对立起来）界定为这样一种看法：自然界的一切现象都是互相联系的，一切现象都处在运动的状态中；运动可能突变，而且量变引起质变;最后，矛盾是一切事物所固有的。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》，2008：138

3. The main text summing up the Stalinist theory was the History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolshevik): Short Course, which appeared in 1938 and continued to be the main authority for Communist doctrine for almost twenty years. The History contained several innovations. Firstly, reversing Engels's order, Stalin discussed dialectical method before philosophy. Leaning heavily on Engels's later writings and on Lenin's Materialism and Empiriocriticism, the dialectical method (which Stalin contrasted with metaphysics) was defined as the view that all phenomena in nature were interconnected, that all phenomena were in a state of movement, that movement could be abrupt and changes in quantity give rise to changes in quality, and finally that contradiction was inherent in all things. -Quoted from Marxism after Marx: An Introduction, 1998: 148.

网络参考例句

例句 1：
在致使性重动句中，量变引起了质变，不同语义类的重动句凸显的是不同阶段的量变过程；非致使性重动句中，量变没有引起质变，它凸显的是量变引起质变全过程的前段。——《从量变到质变——重动句语义新解》，北京语言文化大学硕士学位论文，2002

例句 2：
通过对客观事物及其运动情况的考察，我们认为，“量变的最后结果必然是质变”，无疑是正确的。——“质变并非都是由量变引起的”，载于《兰州学刊》1987年第3期

例句 3：
本文认为技术的发展过程中存在量变与质变现象，是一个连续发展的累积性过程和非连续发展的革命性过程的统一。——“论技术发展过程中的量变和质变现象
——累积效应与技术革命”，载于《自然辩证法研究》2005年第7期
The author of this thesis regards that quantitative change and qualitative change phenomenon exist in the development of technology; also accumulation course of continuous development and revolutionary course of non-continuous development are unified in the development of technology.