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字词 世界市场
释义

世界市场【英】

world market

译文来源

Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 49) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 2001:440.

定义

世界市场是世界各国进行国际间商品、劳务交换等经济活动的场所或领域,亦即世界各国市场及其商业性经济联系的总体。15、16世纪地理大发现和东西方航道开辟为世界市场形成准备了地理条件。16世纪到18世纪初资本主义生产方式的准备时期,也是世界市场萌芽时期。18、19世纪工业革命使世界市场成为必需并使之最终形成。随着商品生产的世界性扩展,交通工具和通讯技术的进步,世界人口的增长,世界市场的规模及容量趋于扩大,世界市场上的竞争与垄断也不断加剧(胡代光,1996:232)。
 世界市场的构成十分复杂,可以按不同的标准进行分类。第一,按地理方向划分。世界市场按洲别或地区可以划分为西欧市场、北美市场、非洲市场、东南亚市场等等;也可以按国别划分为美国市场、日本市场、德国市场、英国市场、中国市场等等;联合国在有关的统计中常把世界各国划分为发达国家市场、发展中国家市场和中央计划经济国家市场三大类。第二,按市场对象划分。世界市场可以划分为商品市场、货币市场和劳务市场。其中商品市场是主体。也可按大类划分为纺织品市场,粮油市场、机械市场、化工市场等;还可按品种细分为小麦市场、咖啡市场、茶叶市场、汽车市场等等。第三,按消费者划分。可按性别、年龄、收入和职业等划分,如妇女用品市场、儿童用品市场、劳保用品市场等等。
 它的形成对各国、各地区的经济增长和国际关系的加强产生了推动作用。首先,促进了世界各国社会生产力的蓬勃发展。其次,进一步推动了西方资本主义的发展,客观上促使东方国家新的社会经济结构发展壮大。再次,加强了世界各国社会经济的相互联系,导致世界经济体系的形成(世界市场.via:
http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=ORPMsz9Crj0k2_I8Qlxk2pylZV0Hw9AB-6XzdWqb7Ji1HnkWQno92hrTNBoVNdzxXwGSSTtzeeQo_jsHBs1Yv0KX_Qz42N4BZJa10V1THJOrypNZdzFhAUL9zOq7r1hh)。

定义来源

[1] 胡代光.现代西方经济学辞典[Z].中国社会科学出版社,1996.
[2] 世界市场.via:
http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=ORPMsz9Crj0k2_I8Qlxk2pylZV0Hw9AB-6XzdWqb7Ji1HnkWQno92hrTNBoVNdzxXwGSSTtzeeQo_jsHBs1Yv0KX_Qz42N4BZJa10V1THJOrypNZdzFhAUL9zOq7r1hh

例句

1. 其实,保护关税制度在德国是多余的,因为它正是德国在世界市场上的地位得到巩固的时候实施的,它阻碍了这一过程的发展;可是,它也弥补了德国工业中的许多缺陷,不然,这些缺陷还会长期存在下去;如果德国为了取得在世界市场上的地位而被迫放弃保护关税制度,她的竞争能力就会和以前完全不同。在德国,如同在美国一样,保护关税制度目前只是一种障碍,因为它使这些国家在世界市场上小能占有她们应得的地位。因此,它在美国必将很快废止,德国也将照样行动。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第三十八卷)》,1972:440

1. In Germany protective tariffs were, in fact, unnecessary, having been introduced at the precise moment when Germany was establishing herself in the world market and it is that process which they have disrupted, though to make up for it they have filled a number of gaps in German industry which would otherwise have long remained unfilled and, were Germany to be compelled to sacrifice her protective tariffs to her position in the world market, she would be far better able to compete than hitherto. Both in Germany and in America protective tariffs are now simply a hindrance because they hinder those countries from taking their proper place in the world market. In America, therefore, they are bound to be abandoned before long and Germany is bound to follow suit. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 49), 2001: 440.

2. 我们要定一个方针,就是要在中央统一领导下深化改革。不仅是价格一个方面的改革,而且是多方面的、综合的改革。只有多方面的、综合的改革,才能为价格改革创造条件。当然,真正建立秩序,不理顺价格不行。价格没有理顺,就谈不上经济改革的真正成功。我们准备用若干年时间把价格初步理顺,最终达到面向世界市场。——《邓小平文选(第三卷)》,1993:278

2. We must make it a principle that reform is to be carried out under unified central leadership. By reform I mean not just reform of prices but comprehensive reform in all other areas too. Only through the latter can we create the conditions for the former. Of course, to rectify the economic order, we must straighten out the price system. Without a rational price system, there will be no possibility of truly successful economic reform. Over the next few years we are going to establish a preliminary price system so that we can compete in the world market. -Quoted from Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping (Vol. 3), 1995: 272.

3. 第二个时期开始于17世纪中叶,并一直持续到18世纪末。这是工场手工业进一步发展的阶段。与此同步发展的是由殖民主义商业交往所开辟出来的“世界市场”与商业和航运的发展。此时,工场手工业仍然是脆弱的,依赖于商业的扩大或缩小。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:444

3. The second period began in the mid-17th century and continued until the end of the 18th century. This was a period of further development of manufactures. Beginning at the same time was the development of commerce and shipping, as well as a “world market” opened by the commerce of colonization. At this time, manufactures were still weak, subject to the expansion or contraction of commerce.-Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 346.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
世界市场理论是马克思“六册计划”的重要组成部分,在马克思主义政治经济学理论体系中占有十分重要的地位。——《世界市场的理论研究》,厦门大学博士学位论文,2007
The world market theory is an important part of Six Books Plan, it has very important position in the theoretical system of Marxist political economics.

例句 2:
马克思试图通过《世界市场》册阐明发展为世界规模的资本主义经济总体的基本性质和特征,将狭义政治经济学发展为广义政治经济学,以此揭示出资本主义必将为新的社会形式所代替的历史必然性。——《世界市场的理论研究》,厦门大学博士学位论文,2007
Through the book of World Market, Marx attempted to clarify the basic properties  and characters of world-scale capitalist economy entirety, developed the political economy in the narrow sense into the political economy in a broad sense, revealed the historical inevitability that the Capitalism would be replaced by a new social form.

例句 3:
随着中国“一带一路”建设的全面铺开,随着中国在国际贸易和世界市场中所起到的作用越来越突出,随着世界经济格局朝着多极化的方向不断发展,马克思国际贸易理论必将得到更多有力的实践验证,也必将展现出更加耀眼的科学光芒。——“国际贸易理论——马克思经济学与西方经济学的比较”,载于《政治经济学评论》2015年04期
With the advance of the construction of the “Belt and Road”,with the more and more outstanding influence of China in international trade and world market,and with the world economy advancing toward multi-polarization, Marxist international economics will be strongly proved to be true by practice, and will consequently shine with light of science.

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