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字词 界限
释义

界限【英】

boundary; line of demarcation; dividing line

译文来源

[1] McLellan, D. Marxism after Marx: An Introduction [M]. London: Macmillan Press, 1998: 321.
[2] Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 37) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1998: 871.
[3] Zhang Yibing. Back to Marx:Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics [M]. Göttingen: Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2014: 360.

定义

界限,亦称“限度”,是规定的最高或最低的数量或程度的名词,指一定的范围。在一定的界限之内,事物保持其本质不变;超过了一定的界限,事物的性质就会发生根本改变而成为他物。界限是一事物区别于他物的边界。我国古代就有对“界限”一词的使用,以表达不同事物的分界的含义,如唐代韩愈《喜雪献裴尚书》一诗中的“地空迷界限”;明代胡应麟《诗薮·近体上》中的“盛、中、晚界限斩然”等等。毛泽东在《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》中也在此意义上使用了“界限”一词:“许多人经历过了解放后的以分清敌我界限为目标的思想改造”(《界限》,via:http://baike.baidu.com/subview/789058/8083353.htm - viewPageContent)。事物的界限又可分为质的界限和量的界限,两者相辅相成,达成辩证统一。事物的界限既是绝对的,又是相对的,否认界限的绝对性会陷入相对主义和诡辩论,否认界限的相对性又会导致形而上学的错误(金炳华,2003:256)。在认识事物的界限时,要坚持唯物辩证法,科学把握事物界限,认识事物本质。

定义来源

[1] 界限.via:
http://baike.baidu.com/subview/789058/8083353.htm - viewPageContent
[2] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003.

例句

1. “新工人阶级”的理论家则更符合传统的马克思主义。安德烈·高兹(André Gorz)和塞奇·马勒(Serge Mallet)等作家既否认发达资本主义条件下工人阶级革命觉悟必然消失的自由主义观,也抛弃了在共产党那里对无产阶级几十年一贯的僵化定义,从而试图重新为阶级斗争划定界限。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》,1998:3

1. The theoreticians of the ‘New Working Class’ were more in line with traditional Marxism. Rejecting both the liberal view that the revolutionary consciousness of the working class necessarily disappeared under advanced capitalism and the rigid Communist Party definition of the proletariat that had remained unchanged for decades, writers such as André Gorz and Serge Mallet attempted to redraw the boundaries of class struggle. -Quoted from Marxism after Marx: An Introduction, 2005: 320-321.

2. 在英国,现代社会的经济结构无疑已经有了最高度的、最典型的发展。但甚至在这里,这种阶级结构也还没有以纯粹的形式表现出来。在这里,也还有若干中间的和过渡的阶段到处使界限规定模糊起来(虽然这种情况在农村比在城市少得多)。不过,这种情况对我们的研究来说是无关紧要的。我们已经看到,资本主义生产方式的经常趋势和发展规律,是使生产资料越来越同劳动分离,分散的生产资料越来越大量集中成群,因此,劳动转化为雇佣劳动,生产资料转化为资本。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十五卷)下册》,1974:1000

2. In England, modern society is indisputably most highly and classically developed in economic structure. Nevertheless, even here the stratification of classes does not appear in its pure form. Middle and intermediate strata even here obliterate lines of demarcation everywhere (although incomparably less in rural districts than in the cities). However, this is immaterial for our analysis. We have seen that the continual tendency and law of development of the capitalist mode of production is more and more to divorce the means of production from labour, and more and more to concentrate the scattered means of production into large groups, thereby transforming labour into wage labour and the means of production into capital. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 37), 1998: 871.

3. 哲学就是一种方法,它只是一种思考的前提,而不能直接替代现实,如经济学、历史学和政治学。马克思不是黑格尔,马克思也不会再做一次黑格尔。他必须再一次与蒲鲁东告别,相互界划一条很深的理论界限。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:459-460

3. Philosophy is a method, merely a premise to thought. It cannot replace reality, which is studied by economics, historical philosophy, and political philosophy. Marx was not a Hegel, neither would he repeat the mistakes of Hegel. He knew that he needed to bid farewell again to Proudhon, to draw a clear theoretical dividing line. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 360.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
西方生态主义认为,马克思“按需分配”为核心的共产主义理论没有看到“自然的界限”,对生态问题“视而不见”,因此,马克思主义是反生态的。休斯明确反对上述观点,他认为,马克思把自然的界限看做是“人对人自身的限制”投射到了自然当中,在此情况下,自然的界限才能够不作为“界限”而存在。——“唯物史观视野中的‘生态问题’——乔纳森•休斯对西方生态主义的批判”,载于《吉林大学社会科学学报》2014年第1期
The western ecological philosophy considered that the core of communism theory of Marx was distribution according to one’s needs, whereas it can’t see the limits of nature and it was blinded to ecological problems, so Marxism is against ecological view. Hughes argued against the above views, he said, Marx take the limits of natural as person to person’s own limitations that projected to the nature, in this case, natural boundaries to which exists as a “limit”.

例句 2:
康德的整个批判哲学都与建立科学的形而上学这一努力相关。通过对理性本身的审查、批判,批判哲学既为一切普通科学奠定了基础、划定了界限,也为形而上学这门特殊科学划出了领域,这就是超出感性一经验界限之外的本体一理念领域。——“康德的‘批判哲学’与‘形而上学’”,载于《南京大学学报(哲学.人文科学.社会科学版)》2010年第5期
What Kantian critique philosophy aims at is a construction of a scientific metaphysics. With a critique of reason itself, the critique philosophy not only provides  foundations and boundaries for all natural sciences, but also identifies metaphysics as a domain of noumena (or ideas), which transcends the aesthetical-empirical.

例句 3:
康德将他的理性批判事业推广到宗教领域,限制宗教于纯然理性界限之内。——“道德情感与心灵改善——兼论康德理性宗教的道德奠基”,载于《山东大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2012年第5期
Kant expanded his critique of reason

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更新时间:2024/11/5 11:06:18