字词 | 民族国家 |
释义 | 民族国家【英】nation state; national state译文来源[1] Sim, S. Post-Marxism: An Intellectual History [M]. Taylor & France e-library, 2001: 121. 定义民族国家首先出现于西欧,最早出现于英国,其次是法国。这是欧洲国家形态演进过程中的一种形式。文艺复兴运动的兴起促成了民族语言和文化的逐渐形成,加强了王朝国家内部居民的联系和交流,促成了共同价值观念的形成,促进了文化整合,促进了民族共同体的形成,为民族国家的兴起奠定了基础。(周平,2009:86)民族国家是当今世界最基本的国家形态,是世界体系的基本单元,也是国际关系的基本主体。从本质上看,民族国家就是以民族对国家的认同为基础的主权国家。民族国家的根本特征就是它的民族性。民族国家并非单一民族国家,而是建立在民族对国家认同基础上的主权国家。民族国家建立以后,逐步成为世界国家体系的基本单元,并向全球扩展,进而成为基本的国家形态。(周平,2010:89- 定义来源[1] 周平.对民族国家的再认识[J].政治学研究,2009(4). 例句1. 但是,也不能宣布说这种转化是不可能的。假如欧洲无产阶级今后20来年还是软弱无力,假如目前这场战争的结局是拿破仑那样的人获得胜利,而许多有生命力的民族国家遭到奴役,假如欧洲以外的帝国主义(首先是日本和美国帝国主义)也能维持20来年,比如说没有由于发生日美战争而转到社会主义,那就可能在欧洲发生伟大的民族战争。——《列宁全集(第二十八卷)》,1991:6 1. But such a transformation should not be proclaimed impossible: if the European proletariat remains impotent, say, for twenty years; if the present war ends in victories like Napoleon’s and in the subjugation of a number of viable national states; if the transition to socialism of non-European imperialism (primarily Japanese and American) is also held up for twenty years by a war between these two countries, for example, then a great national war in Europe would be possible. -Quoted from Lenin, V. I. Lenin Collected Works (Vol. 22), 1974: 309-310. 2. 为了能够进行斗争,工人阶级必须在国内组成为一个阶级,而且它的直接的斗争舞台就是本国,这是不言而喻的。所以,它的阶级斗争不是就内容来说,而是像“共产党宣言”所指出“就形式来说”是本国范围内的斗争。但是,“现代民族国家的范围”,例如德意志帝国,本身在经济上又处在“世界市场的范围内”,而在政治上则处在“国家体系的范围内”。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第十九卷)》,1963:25 2. It is altogether self-evident that, to be able to fight at all, the working class must organise itself at home as a class and that its own country is the immediate arena of its struggle. To this extent its class struggle is national, not in substance, but, as the Communist Manifesto says, “in form”. But the “framework of the present-day national state”, for instance, the German Empire, is itself in its turn economically “within the framework of the world market”, politically “within the framework of the system of states”. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 24), 1989: 89-90. 3. 主权是一种过时的叙事,因而我们不能继续依靠现代主义的范畴來解决地缘政治问题——那些主要由于应用这些范畴而产生的问题,因为它们假设了界定清楚的民族国家认同。——《后马克思主义思想史》,2011:190 3. Sovereignty is a narrative whose time has passed, and we cannot continue to rely on modernist categories of spatial extension to resolve geopolitical problems—problems which largely arise from the application of those categories, with their assumption of clearly defined sovereign identities at the level of the nation state. -Quoted from Post-Marxism: An Intellectual History, 2001: 121. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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