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字词 本本主义(又称“教条主义”)
释义

本本主义(又称“教条主义”)【英】

book worship; dogmatism

译文来源

[1] Deng Xiaoping: Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping (Vol. 2) [C]. Peking: Foreign Languages Press, 1995: 125.
[2] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003:808.

定义

本本主义又称为教条主义,是主观主义的一种表现形式。其主要特点是把书本、理论当教条,思想僵化,一切从定义、公式出发,不从实际出发,反对具体情况具体分析,否认实践是检验真理的标准。最早出于1941年毛泽东在《反对本本主义》一文,他认为本本主义是主观主义的表现形式之一。总地看来,教条主义突出地表现为老教条主义和新教条主义两种。老教条主义对我国来讲,最早可以追溯到二十世纪三十年代,在六七十年代达到顶峰,其基本表现是:不去深入反思社会主义运动的经验教训,不去洞穿透析历史曲折、指出在它们后面所隐藏的传统社会主义制度本身所存在的问题。针对发展和变化了的客观现实,不是不反思,而是只知道固守经典马列主义、斯大林主义甚至毛泽东思想的几乎全部的内容,抱着一成不变的思路来反思。此种态度的外在表现就是因循守旧,其必然的发展结局便是拒绝改革开放,其政策取向是回归传统社会主义。新教条主义,对中国而言,诞生于上世纪八十年中后期。其基本表现正好与第一种态度相对:无视当代资本主义实践所昭示的曲折和丑恶,只是因为资本主义发展的繁荣便浅薄地接受资本主义的全部。无视社会主义实践创造的巨大成就和其中内蕴的合理内核,只是因为社会主义运动所显现的暂时的曲折和教训,便草率地抛弃社会主义的全部。此种态度的外在表现就是全盘西化,其政策取向是退回现代资本主义。从本质上看,教条主义是一种主观与客观相分裂、认识与实践相脱离的主观主义(汪信砚,2006:45)。

定义来源

汪信砚.反对教条主义与中国马克思主义哲学的发展[J].马克思主义研究,2006(6).

例句

1. 思想一僵化,不从实际出发的本本主义也就严重起来了。书上没有的,文件上没有的,领导人没有讲过的,就不敢多说一句话,多做一件事,一切照抄照搬照转。把对上级负责和对人民负责对立起来。——《邓小平文选(第二卷)》,1994:143

1. Once people’s thinking becomes rigid, book worship, divorced from reality, becomes a grave malady. Those who suffer from it dare not say a word or take a step that isn’t mentioned in books, documents or the speeches of leaders; everything has to be copied. Thus responsibility to the higher authorities is set in opposition to responsibility to the people. -Quoted from Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping (Vol. 2), 1995: 152.

2. 学习什么?根本的是要学习马列主义、毛泽东思想,要努力把马克思主义的普遍原则同我国实现四个现代化的具体实践结合起来。当前大多数干部还要着重抓紧三个方面的学习:一个是学经济学,一个是学科学技术,一个是学管理学。学习好,才可能领导好高速度、高水平的社会主义现代化建设。从实践中学,从书本上学,从自己和人家的经验教训中学。要克服保守主义和本本主义。——《邓小平文选(第二卷)》,1994:153

2. What shall we learn? Basically, we should study Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Though and try to integrate the universal principles of Marxism with the concrete practice of our modernization drive. At present most of our cadres need also to apply themselves to three subjects: economics, science and technology, and management. Only if we study these well will we be able to carry out socialist modernization rapidly and efficiently. We should learn in different ways—through practice, from books and from the experience, both positive and negative, of others as well as our own. Conservatism and book worship should be overcome. -Quoted from Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping (Vol. 2), 1995: 162-163.

3. 一九三〇年,毛泽东同志专门写了《反对本本主义》这篇文章,提出“没有调查,没有发言权”的科学论断。他坚决反对在共产党内讨论问题的时候,开口闭口拿本本来,以为上了书的就是对的这种错误的心理。——《邓小平文选(第二卷)》,1994:115

3. In 1930 he wrote the essay “Oppose Book Worship”, in which he advanced the scientific thesis, “no investigation, no right to speak”. He firmly opposed the misguided mentality of those who, in discussions within the Communist Party, could not open their mouths without citing a book, as if whatever was written in a book was right. -Quoted from Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping (Vol. 2), 1995: 125.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
本章着重叙述了“思想路线”概念的提出;结合毛泽东《反对本本主义》一文阐述了中国共产党科学思想路线的雏形;分析了毛泽东《论反对日本帝国主义的策略》、《中国革命战争的战略问题》等文章对中国共产党科学思想路线的初步阐述;最后比较详细地论述了《实践论》和《矛盾论》对中国共产党科学思想路线的系统阐述。——“《反对本本主义》与马克思主义中国化”,载于《重庆工学院学报(社会科学版)》2008年第11期
It specially depicts the coming out of the concept of “ideological line”; it sets forth the miniature of the scientific ideological line of the Communist Party of China, drawing support the article of Say no to Bookishness by Mao Zedong; it analyzes initial elaboration of the Scientific Ideological Line of the Communist Party of China in Mao Zedong’s articles, including Essays on the Tactics of Fighting against Japanese Imperialism, the Strategy Issue of China’s Revolution War, and so on.

例句 2:
教条主义是执迷于自我的主观主义,与马克思主义哲学中国化根本对立。——“反对教条主义与推进马克思主义哲学中国化”,载于《武汉大学学报(人文科学版)》2005年02期
Dogmatism is the subjectivism with indulging in ego, and it is opposite to sinicization of Marxist philosophy.

例句 3:
反对教条主义是毛泽东在中国革命实践中遵循的一贯准则。——“毛泽东反教条主义精神及其当代出场路径探析”,载于《南京邮电大学学报(社会科学版)》2015年02期
Anti-dogmatism is a standard consistently followed by MAO Zedong in the practice of Chinese revolution.

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更新时间:2025/4/13 4:42:55