字词 | 思辨唯物主义 |
释义 | 思辨唯物主义【英】speculative materialism译文来源[1] Bryant, L., N. Srnicek and G. Harman. The Speculative Turn: Continental Materialism and Realism[C]. Melbourne: re.press, 2011. 定义思辨唯物主义,亦称思辨实在论。梅亚苏(Quentin Meillassoux)与哈曼(Graham Harman)、格兰特(Iain HamiltonGrant)、布拉西耶(Ray Brassier)四位年轻的思想家结成的一个致力于新唯物主义的团体,他们称之为思辨实在论(speculative realism)或思辨唯物主义(speculative materialism)。作为思辨实在论创立者之一的雷伊·布拉西耶曾说道:“这四个人奠基了的思辨实在论,也只有梅亚苏解释了‘思辨’一词。他很明确地将他的唯物主义立场与思辨形而上学或思辨的科学学说区分开来。梅亚苏所用的‘思辨’一词需要从黑格尔和马克思立场来理解,它意味着这种思考方式并不赞同它并不是通过从外部施加一个谓词,来外在地决定主词-问题,相反,它容许主词和谓词是可以互换的,这样谓词可以成为主词,而主词可以成为谓词。当然这种可颠倒性正是辩证法的思维,而梅亚苏正好精于此道。他的‘思辨’唯物主义让他更近似于巴迪欧和齐泽克。”的确,在巴迪欧、齐泽克那里,也在梅亚苏那里,他们倡导的辩证唯物主义或思辨唯物主义的复兴,实际上,正是对马克思的唯物主义的重新阐释。换句话说,以往的辩证唯物主义,即用明确的黑格尔式的规律所描绘出来的辩证唯物主义不是真正的马克思的辩证唯物主义,真正的辩证唯物主义,需要我们用思辨的方式来触及以往不曾触及过的物质性的外部,不是概念,而是那个真正的物,才是我们存在的根基,是我们行动的指南针,也只有在这个意义上,辩证唯物主义才突破了从必然性历史规律角度来看待共产主义的问题,对于新辩证唯物主义来说,需要从视差的转换中,生成一个不曾被理智之光照耀过的真实区域,而这种真实在黑暗中的涌现,才是未来的希望(21世纪以来国外马克思主义几个前沿问题.via:http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?src=3×tamp=1483325793&ver=1&signature=OQg-YXggFP1wWVGFEqcQ*Dz5UKGRsLE*XRKrCofPGdNfHenN5GWvmtQ2bgtxq5CW2FyXNtjECg8aCLdDen9xVJ7JGX13Ju7Fz4gZfKSUji0i7d-HG3SGzYdb3I49tFfFCVIMns7hpYRjAmt14moHylyJcHX5nbNVG7ij5FyOcfA=)。 定义来源21世纪以来国外马克思主义几个前沿问题.via:http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?src=3×tamp=1483325793&ver=1&signature=OQg-YXggFP1wWVGFEqcQ*Dz5UKGRsLE*XRKrCofPGdNfHenN5GWvmtQ2bgtxq5CW2FyXNtjECg8aCLdDen9xVJ7JGX13Ju7Fz4gZfKSUji0i7d-HG3SGzYdb3I49tFfFCVIMns7hpYRjAmt14moHylyJcHX5nbNVG7ij5FyOcfA=. 例句1. 然而,尽管梅亚苏对霍尔沃德的政治论断提供了一个必要的纠正,反之亦然:梅亚苏关于偶然性的绝对性需要通过霍尔沃德思维的关系媒介来规范。因此,这是一个思辨唯物主义和辩证唯物主义之间关系的问题。——《生产(第十辑):迈向思辨实在论》(电子版),2015. 1. Yet while Meillassoux’s work provides a necessary corrective to Hallward’s political project, the same holds true for the opposite relation: Meillassoux’s work on the absolute nature of contingency requires specification through the relational medium of Hallward’s thought. It is thus a question of the relation between speculative materialism and dialectical materialism. -Quoted from The Speculative Turn: Continental Materialism and Realism, 2011: 11. 2. 梅亚苏之所以采取以上姿态,其实是借思辨唯物主义(speculative materialism)之力来反对关系主义的恶劣影响——在信仰主义(fideism)的包裹下,这些恶劣影响甚至超出了哲学的范围。梅亚苏对相关问题的讨论,主要出现在《有限性之后》的第二章。借之前提到的界线问题来说,我认为,梅亚苏正陷于一场哲学与科学的意识形态之争:当涉及必然性和信仰等问题时,哲学和科学彼此冲突,界线十分模糊。这样看来,思辨唯物主义也不过是意识形态操控,其目的在于中止关系主义和非理性主义的共谋(科莱蒂《马克思主义与黑格尔》一书的副标题恰好是“辩证唯物主义与非理性主义”)。——《生产(第十辑):迈向思辨实在论》(电子版),2015. 2. Meillassoux’s gesture involves enlisting a speculative materialism against the pernicious extra-philosophical effects of correlationism, encapsulated by the notion of fideism. When it comes to these arguments, principally rehearsed in Chapter 2 of After Finitude, I think it is fair to say, in terms of the aforementioned issue of demarcation, that Meillassoux is engaging in an ideological struggle founded on the specific demarcation between philosophy and science, as the two impinge on questions of necessity and belief. Speculative materialism is here also an ideological operation, aimed at terminating correlationism’s collusion with irrationalism (‘Dialectical Materialism and Irrationalism’, incidentally, was the subtitle of Colletti’s book). -Quoted from The Speculative Turn: Continental Materialism and Realism, 2011: 84. 3. 一方面,思辨唯物主义旨在削弱必然性实体学说,经典形而上学的教条,还包括理性主义。另一方面,思辨唯物主义又瞄准了关系主义通过拒绝现实的绝对性进而将各种信仰合法化的手段(例如,通过让原始—化石不可思)。——《生产(第十辑):迈向思辨实在论》(电子版),2015. 3. On the one hand, a speculative materialism is aimed at undermining the doctrine of necessary entities, the dogmatism of classical metaphysics, rationalism included. On the other, speculative materialism is targeted against the way in which correlationism makes any belief equally legitimate by rejecting the absoluteness of reality (i.e. by making the arche-fossil unthinkable). -Quoted from The Speculative Turn: Continental Materialism and Realism, 2011: 85. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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