字词 | 思想观念 |
释义 | 思想观念【英】ideology; idea译文来源[1] McLellan, D. Marxism after Marx: An Introduction [M]. London: Macmillan Press Ltd., 1998: 260. 定义指对思想的产生、变化、本质等的看法、观点,思想观念是思维活动的结果,属于理性认识。一般也称“观念”。人的思想观念不是僵化不变的,而是随着实践的发展而发展,要不断更新思想观念,跟上时代的发展。人们在社会实践中,对客观事物的认识,开始是感性认识,感性认识材料积累多了,就会产生一个飞跃,变成理性认识。社会存在决定人们的思想。一切根据和符合于客观事实的思想是正确的思想,它对客观事物的发展起促进作用;反之,则是错误的思想,它对客观事物的发展起阻碍作用。思想观念的转变是十分重要的,尤其对于领导者而言。领导者必须从社会实践中汲取丰富的养分,在改造客观世界的同时,必须提高改造自身主观世界的能力,同时要改造非无产阶级思想意识,改造主观认识,不断克服僵化、保守思想,努力使自己的思想认识能够正确反映客观实际,能动地改造客观世界(孙钱章,1990:84)。邓小平曾指出:“现在有些干部,对于怎样适合本地情况,多搞一些经济收益大、群众得实惠的东西,还是考虑不多,仍然是按老框框办事,思想很不解放”(邓小平,1994:316)。我国的改革开放是一场新的伟大的革命,这场革命深刻的改变了社会的面貌,同时也改变了人们的精神面貌。思想观念的转变就是要对原先的认识进行再认识,坚持原先正确的,纠正原先错误的。进入历史新时期,经过真理标准大讨论,推倒了“两个凡是”,破除了个人迷信,实现了思想大解放,在改革开放的历史进程中,思想解放不断推进和深入。邓小平提出要解放思想,实事求是,对市场经济“姓资”还是“姓社”这一问题,他在《社会主义也可以搞市场经济中》指出:“说市场经济只存在于资本主义社会,只有资本主义的市场经济,这肯定是不正确的。社会主义为什么不可以搞市场经济,这个不能说是资本主义。我们是计划经济为主,也结合市场经济,但这是社会主义的市场经济”(邓小平,1994:236)。同时,还要面对新形势、解决新问题、总结新经验的基础上,形成新的正确认识。习近平也指出:“冲破思想观念的障碍、突破利益固化的藩篱,解放思想是首要的。在深化改革问题上,一些思想观念障碍往往不是来自体制外而是来自体制内。思想不解放,我们就很难看清各种利益固化的症结所在,很难找准突破的方向和着力点,很难拿出创造性的改革措施。因此,一定要有自我革新的勇气和胸怀,跳出条条框框限制,克服部门利益掣肘,以积极主动精神研究和提出改革措施”(习近平,2014:87)。我国改革已经进入攻坚期和深水区,我们必须以更大的政治勇气和智慧,不失时机深化重要领域改革。实践发展永无止境,解放思想永无止境,改革开放也永无止境,停顿和倒退没有出路。 定义来源[1] 孙钱章. 实用领导科学大辞典[Z].山东人民出版社,1990. 例句1. 第二,毛主义很强调思想意识的重要性。由于马克思主义是无产阶级的学说,因而有必要把无产阶级的或社会主义的意识灌输到农民中去。缩短资本主义阶段向社会主义阶段的过渡——无论从社会发展上,还是从思想观念上——意味着,要加快这种灌输的进程,于是就有了“文化大革命”。——《马克思以后的马克思主义》,2008:247 1. Secondly, Maoism has emphasised the importance of consciousness. For Marxism is the doctrine of the proletariat and it has therefore been necessary to instil a proletarian or social consciousness into the peasantry. The telescoping of the capitalist phase—both of development and of ideology—into the socialist phase has meant the enhancement of this process. Hence the Cultural Revolution. -Quoted from Marxism after Marx: An Introduction, 1998: 260. 2. 反对享乐主义,要着重克服及时行乐思想和特权现象,教育引导党员、干部牢记“两个务必”,克己奉公,勤政廉政,保持昂扬向上、奋发有为的精神状态。反对奢靡之风,要着重狠刹挥霍享乐和骄奢淫逸的不良风气,教育引导党员、干部坚守节约光荣、浪费可耻的思想观念,做到艰苦朴素、精打细算,勤俭办一切事情。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:374-375 2. In fighting hedonism we should focus on overcoming indulgence in pleasure and privileges. Once more we should educate Party members and officials, and guide them in keeping to the “two musts", in being whole heartedly devoted to public service and performing their duties with diligence, in upholding political integrity, and in preserving a spirit of high principles and hard work. In fighting extravagance, we should focus on putting an end to unhealthy practices such as self-indulgence, luxury and dissipation. Again, we should educate Party members and officials, and guide them in practicing thrift and standing against waste, in leading a simple life, in being strict with their spending, and in doing everything in a no-frills manner. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 412. 3. 我们要认真贯彻十八大和习近平总书记讲话精神,坚持解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进,勇于变革、勇于创新,永不僵化、永不停滞,坚决摒弃僵化落后的思想观念,坚决破除不合理的利益格局,坚决消除体制机制弊端,努力实现十八大确定的改革目标任务,不断推进中国特色社会主义制度自我完善和发展,为全面建成小康社会、加快推进社会主义现代化、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦提供强大动力和制度保障。——《学习习近平总书记重要讲话》,2013:49-50 3. We must insist on the truths of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, and keeping up with the times. We are brave enough to carry out the reform and we are creative; we are never rigid or stagnant. The old and rigid ideas should be abandoned or eliminated as well as the improper interest structure and the defects and flaws of the political system. The reform goal of 18th National People’s Congress will be realized with the development and progress of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, providing the strong driving force and system guarantee for building the comprehensive well-off society, realizing socialist modernization and the Chinese Dream - the great rejuvenation. -Quoted from The Ideological Banner for the Development of Contemporary China—On General Secretary Xi Jinping’ s Significant Instruction on the “Chinese Dream”, 2015: 39. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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