信访【英】

to seek help from governmental authorities by presenting complaints / petitions in the form of letters and visits

译文来源

[1] Xi Jinping. Xi Jinping: The Governance of China [M]. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2014: 482.
[2] 国务院信访条例. via: http://www.gjxfj.gov.cn/2006-03/07/content_6399309.htm

定义

来信和访问的合称。广义的信访是社会成员为达到某种目的通过写信、访问的形式向社会组织管理者反映个人或集体意愿的一种社会政治交往活动。我们现在通常所说的信访是指人民来信来访，即指人民群众通过写信和面谈等形式向各级党和政府机关、企事业单位、人民团体及其领导人反映情况、申诉问题、咨询政策、陈述要求、提出批评建议等等的一种社会交往活动。这是广大人民群众行使当家作主的民主权利，参与管理国家大事的一种方式。信访工作的基本任务大体包括：（1）认真吸取人民群众在来信来访中提出的合理化建议，向党和国家机关或领导人报告，作为党和国家制定或修改方针政策和法律法令的依据和参考。（2）仔细研究人民群众在来信来访中反映的问题，向有关单位、部门和地区的领导机关和领导人转达，为协调各种关系和解决各种矛盾服务。（3）热忱欢迎人民群众通过来信来访实行民主监督，为建设社会主义民主政治和发展社会主义商品经济，帮助领导机关和各级各类公务人员克服官僚主义作风和其他种种弊端。（4）深切关心人民群众在来信来访中反映的疾苦，协同有关单位、部门和地区的领导机关，按照党和国家的有关政策和法律规定，切实认真地加以解决。信访工作的作用是：为各级领导机关和领导人提供信息；对党政领导机关全体工作人员进行民主监督；收集政策反馈信息；保障人民群众行使民主权利。做好信访工作要遵纪守法，实事求是，全心全意为人民服务和坚持思想教育等原则。信访工作要制度化。它的基本工作程序包括登记、接谈、答复、办理、立案、催办、结案。1951年中央人民政府政务院作出《关于处理群众来信和接见人民工作的决定》经过实践不断发展完善。目前各级党政机关和部门，在接待群众上访工作中创造了很好的经验。如文明接待，变上访为下访，在农村集市上挂牌接待，在边远交通不便的地区巡回接待，在群众上访较多的地方设点接待。全国各党政机关还普遍建立了领导接待日，有的地方还明文规定了领导的接待范围，并贴出告示，大大方便了上访群众（孙钱章，1990：447-448）。

定义来源

孙钱章.实用领导科学大辞典[Z].山东人民出版社，1990.

例句

1. 司法改革是这次全面深化改革的重点之一。全会决定提出了一系列相互关联的新举措，包括改革司法管理体制，推动省以下地方法院、检察院人财物统一管理，探索建立与行政区划适当分离的司法管辖制度；健全司法权力运行机制，完善主审法官、合议庭办案责任制，让审判者裁判、由裁判者负责；严格规范减刑、假释、保外就医程序；健全错案防止、纠正、责任追究机制，严格实行非法证据排除规则；建立涉法涉诉信访依法终结制度；废止劳动教养制度，完善对违法犯罪行为的惩治和矫正法律，等等。——《习近平谈治国理政》，2014：83

1. Judicial reform is one of the key points in continuing the reform comprehensively. The Decision puts forward a series of new and related measures in the following aspects: reform of the judicial management system, unification of the management of staff, funds and properties of courts and procuratorates at and below the provincial level and exploration of ways to establish a judicial jurisdiction system that is appropriately separated from the administrative divisions; improvement of the mechanism for the use of judicial power; improvement of the responsibility system for handling cases by the presiding judge and the collegiate bench, by which the judges hand down verdicts and the collegiate bench is responsible for carrying them out; strict regulation of the procedures of sentence commutation, release on parole and medical parole; improvement of the mechanism for preventing and correcting wrong cases and the accountability system, and strict implementation of the rule banning illegal evidence; establishment of a system for settling complaints involving law violations and lawsuits made in the form of letters and visits in accordance with the law; and abolition of the re-education through labor system, and improvement of laws for the punishment and correction of unlawful and criminal acts. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 92.

2. 到福州后，他建立了领导干部下访接待群众制度，走遍福州五区八县。他曾经带领福州市区领导，两天接待逾700位来访群众，当场拍板、限期解决近200件问题。——《习近平谈治国理政》，2014：431

2. When working as Party secretary of Fuzhou, capital of Fujian Province, he took the lead in the country in establishing a system for officials to meet petitioners face to face. He introduced the same system in other places where he served later. At one point he and other senior officials in Fuzhou met with more than 700 petitioners in two days, and solved many of their problems on the spot or set a time limit to find solutions. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 482.

3. 而在现实生活中，法治权威不够、有法不依、执法不严、违法不究、司法不公、徇私枉法以及信访不信法等现象依然存在。可以说，现在比以往任何时候都更加需要发挥法治在国家治理和社会管理中的重要作用，比以往任何时候都更加需要国家机关、社会组织、全体人民在推进依法治国进程中共同参与、共同建设、共同享有。——《学习习近平总书记重要讲话》，2013：52

3. But in reality, our laws are still lacking in authority, and people sometimes would not abide by the laws. The law enforcement has yet to be perfected. Bending the laws for the benefit of relatives or friends can still be seen in our society. And many people still prefer seeking help from the central authorities instead of the laws. It could be said that we need law to play an important role in the governing of our country and society more than ever. -Quoted from The Ideological Banner for the Development of Contemporary China – On General Secretary Xi Jinping’s Significant Instruction on the “Chinese Dream”, 2015: 41.

网络参考例句

例句 1：
本文首先剖析信访源流，然后以此为视角和依托，分别从古代信访解读中国古代法律文化和从现代信访解读中国现代法律文化，以深化对中国法律文化的认识。——《从信访看中国法律文化》，湘潭大学硕士学位论文，2005
In this paper, sources and courses of Letters and Visits are traced, being regarded as the perspective and basis ,interpretation of ancient Chinese law culture according to ancient Letters and Visits and the interpretation of modern Chinese law culture according to the modern Letters and Visits are undertaken respectively so as to deepened the understanding of Chinese law culture.

例句 2：
信访工作是党和政府的一项重要工作，它在体察民情，密切党和政府同群众的血肉联系、广泛听取意见、推动社会主义民主政治建设、实施人民监督、推进党风廉政建设等方面发挥着不可替代的独特作用。——《关于信访终结机制的思考》，吉林大学硕士学位论文，2005
Letter-and-call is an important task of the Party and the government, and it plays an irreplaceable particular role in keeping abreast of public feeling, maintaining close relations between the masses and the Party and the government, widely heading the opinion of the masses, promoting socialist democratic construction, implementing public supervision, pushing building an honest and clean party and government forward, etc.

例句 3：
最近几年，随着全国信访总量的不断增长，信访工作压力逐渐增大，信访工作领域内发生的问题层出不穷，有关信访制度的改革也就成了学术界讨论的热门话题。信访制度究竟应当是废除还是改革？如果要改革，应当朝哪个方向改，应当如何改？这些都是学术界讨论和研究的课题，也是实务界非常困惑的问题。笔者从信访制度存在的社会基础和发挥的社会功能着手研究，试图揭示信访制度存在的原因和问题，以期在此基础上提出切实可行的改革方案。——《信访制度研究》，吉林大学硕士学位论文，2005
More and