| 形 arduous; difficult; hard; tough: |
| | 艰苦备尝 have experienced all hardships; have suffered untold hardships |
| | 艰苦创业 build an enterprise through arduous effort |
| | 艰苦的工作 a tough job |
| | 自愿到最艰苦的地方去 volunteer to go where conditions are hardest |
| | 做艰苦细致的思想工作 do painstaking ideological work |
| | 艰苦的环境能磨炼人的意志。 Difficult circumstances can temper one's will. |
| | 艰苦的生活能使人面对逆境 hardship disposes man to meet adversity |
