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字词 美感相对性
释义

美感相对性【英】

relativity of aesthetic perception

译文来源

金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003:626.

定义

美感所具有的主体对事物审美特性的认识、感受和评价随条件、时间和地点的变化而变化的属性。先秦庄子提出的“其美者自美,吾不知其美也”,汉代董仲舒提出的“诗无达诂”,晋代葛洪提出的“见美而后悟丑”,都指出了美丑的相对性与美感相对性。古希腊赫拉克利特认为美的相对性决定了美感的相对性。柏拉图认为“理念”是绝对的美,现实世界和艺术的美是相对的美,人对现实、艺术的美感也是相对的。英国休谟认为审美情感依存于人心的特殊构造,美和美感都是相对的没有质的规定性的,陷入了相对主义(美感相对性.via:http://epub.cnki.net/kns/brief/default_result.aspx)。美感具有相对性,其客观原因是大千世界的美是无限的、发展的,展现在人面前的只是一部分,客观条件的限制使人们认识、感受到的美只具有相对的真理性。主观原因是人的生活实践、审美实践受到特定历史条件和主观条件的限制,使人对美的认识必然地带有一定的局部性、限定性,每个个体审美的角度、深广度不同,也导致了美感的相对性(金炳华,2003:626)。但人的实践和认识、审美具有的能动性、无限性,能使人更自觉、充分、全面、深入地把握美的特征和美的规律,逐渐由相对真理接近绝对真理。

定义来源

[1] 美感相对性.via:http://epub.cnki.net/kns/brief/default_result.aspx
[2] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003.

例句

1. 但是也有少数新物理学家,在近年来伟大发现所引起的旧理论的崩溃的影响下,在特别明显地表明我们知识的相对性的新物理学危机的影响下,由于不懂得辩证法,就经过相对主义而陷入了唯心主义。现今流行的物理学唯心主义,就象不久以前流行过的生理学唯心主义一样,是一种反动的并且使人一时迷惑的东西。 ——《列宁全集(第十八卷)》,1988:374-375

1. A minority of new physicists, however, influenced by the break-down of old theories brought about by the great discoveries of recent years, influenced by the crisis in the new physics, which has very clearly revealed the relativity of our knowledge, have, owing to their ignorance of dialectics, slipped into idealism by way of relativism. The physical idealism in vogue today is as reactionary and transitory an infatuation as was the fashionable physiological idealism of the recent past. -Quoted from Lenin Collected Works (Vol. 14), 1977: 358.

2. 首先,在爱因斯坦之后,现代科学认识已经根本摆脱了经典科学中那种普适性、绝对性和永恒性的形而上学痕迹,历史性、相对性和暂时性成为科学理论逻辑的基本属性,我们越来越多地发现,在过去被看作是普遍的客观真理的东西中无一例外都包含了一定历史条件下人们有限认识条件的主观认定,科学认识也越来越多地具有了在一定参考框架中的有限意义。——《文本的深度耕犁:后马克思思潮哲学文本解读》,2007:62

2. First, since Einstein, modem science has abandoned the metaphysical trace of universality, absoluteness and eternality in classic scientific view while historicality, relativity and temporality become the basic attribute of theoretical logic. We gradually come to the discovery that the objective truths treated as universal in the past, without exception, contain the subjective cognizance of the limited conditions in a certain historical period. At the same time, science more and more has a restricted meaning within a given framework of reference. -Quoted from A Deep Plough: Unscrambling Major Post-Marxist Texts From Adorno to Zizek, 2011: 347.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
哈奇生觉察到了美感相对性和普遍性的矛盾,但他过多地否定了社会文化对美感的影响,也过于简单化。——“哈奇生美学思想漫说”,载于《孝感学院学报》2000年第2期

例句 2:
本文追寻洪毅然美感理论的演变轨迹,对其在“审美意识”、“美感和快感的关系”、“美感的产生与发展”、“美感的基本心理”以及“美感的种类”和“美感的相对性与复杂性”等领域的发展演变进行探讨。美感理论的发展演变,既是洪毅然美学思想演变轨迹的写照,也是其学术风格的体现,呈现出洪毅然美学的时代特征。——“洪毅然美学思想中美感理论的演变轨迹”,载于《西北师大学报(社会科学版)》2006年第2期
This article discussed the development process of Hong Yiran’s aesthetic theory from the following aspects: “The aesthetic consciousness”, “The Relationship between the aesthetic perception and the pleasant sensation”, “the emergence and development of the aesthetic perception”, “the basic psychology of aesthetic”, “the classifications of the aesthetic perception”, and “the relativity and complexity of the aesthetic perception”, which not only present the research methods of Hong Yiran’s aesthetic development but also embody his academic style, and show the characteristics of Hong Yiran’s aesthetic time as well as the form of his aesthetic theory.

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