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字词 民族宗教  
释义

民族宗教  【英】

national religion

译文来源

[1]金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003:694.
[2]Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 24) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1989: 433.

定义

民族宗教指民族成员所共同信奉的宗教。其信仰同本民族意识紧密结合为一,所拜神灵即本民族的守护神,有的更被视为本民族的源出者或祖先,由部落宗教发展而来,前期一般仍为原始宗教。随着民族文化的发展和国家的出现,常成为古代国家宗教的前身。在比较统一化和进一步确定化的神话基础上,逐渐形成较系统化的教义体系和初步的神学思想,以及以祭司为核心的礼仪典章和组织体制,在有些文化达到较高程度的民族中还出现了一些宗教经籍。早期的民族宗教一般都是全民性的,且不对外宣传,不争取外族人参加;民族消亡后其宗教亦随之而消亡。有些民族宗教,虽其民族并未消灭,但因进入文明阶段后同其他民族接触和交融增多,常在大量保有民族特色而继续存在的同时,越来越弱化全民性,婆罗门教和神道教皆属此类。犹太教原来亦为民族宗教,后来犹太民族虽流散于世界各地,但其宗教却继续流传于受到各国很大程度上被同化了的犹太人之中,成为现代民族宗教的一种特例。有些主要只在一定民族范围内流传的宗教并不具备民族宗教的特点,如中国的道教和伊斯兰各民族信奉的伊斯兰教,他们所崇拜之神并非本民族的守护神,亦并不被视为本民族的源出或祖先(金炳华,2003:694)。

定义来源

金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003.

例句

1. 罗马帝国在消灭各民族政治和社会独特性的同时,也消灭了他们独特的宗教。古代一切宗教都是自发的部落宗教和后来的民族宗教,它们从各民族的社会和政治条件中产生,并和它们一起生长。宗教的这些基础一旦遭到破坏,沿袭的社会形式、继承的政治结构和民族独立一旦遭到毁灭,那末与之相适应的宗教自然也就崩溃。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第十九卷)》,1965:333

1. With the political and social peculiarities of the peoples, the Roman Empire also doomed to ruin their particular religions. All religions of antiquity were naturally arising tribal and later national religions which sprang from and grew together with the social and political conditions of the respective peoples. Once these, their foundations, were destroyed and their traditional forms of society, their inherited political institutions and their national independence shattered, the religion corresponding to these naturally also collapsed. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 24), 1989: 433.

2. 历史上的伟大转折点有宗教变迁相伴随,只是就迄今存在的三种世界宗教——佛教、基督教和伊斯兰教而言。旧的自发产生的部落宗教和民族宗教不进行宣传,一旦部落或民族的独立遭到破坏,它们便失掉任何抵抗。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十一卷)》,1973:328

2. Great historical turning-points have been accompanied by religious changes only so far as the three world religions which have existed up to the present, Buddhism, Christianity and Islam, are concerned. The old tribal and national religions, which arose spontaneously, did not proselytise and lost all their power of resistance as soon as the independence of the tribe or people was lost. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 26), 1987: 376.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
本文选取了内蒙古地区的少数民族宗教信仰问题为研究对象,通过对内蒙古少数民族传统宗教的历史回顾,概述了内蒙古少数民族宗教信仰的历史特点,分析阐释了新时期内蒙古少数民族宗教信仰变化特点及其趋势,加深对新时期内蒙古少数民族宗教信仰双重影响的思考,最终得出在新时期积极引导少数民族宗教信仰的方法和路径,以期使人们对民族地区的宗教信仰演进过程以及新时期内蒙古少数民族宗教信仰的特点、趋势有一个比较正确的认识并引发一些相关社会思考。——《新时期内蒙古少数民族宗教信仰问题探析》,东北师范大学硕士学位论文,2013
This paper selected the first ethnic autonomous regions in our country minority religion problem in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region as the research object, through to the Inner Mongolia minority traditional religion briefly review summarizes the historical characteristics of Inner Mongolia minority religion, is concluded in Inner Mongolia minority religious beliefs in the new period of changing trends and characteristics, the dual effects of Inner Mongolia minority religion in the new period of thinking, finally concludes that in the new era of actively guide minority religious basis and method, combining both pay attention to the theory and practice, and pay attention to the theory of systematic and integrity. Hope that through this paper enables people to evolution of religious belief for ethnic minority areas and ethnic minority in Inner Mongolia in the new period the trend and characteristics of religious beliefs have a more correct understanding and cause some related social thinking.

例句 2:
对中国少数民族宗教与构建社会主义和谐社会的研究,既符

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