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字词 《理论与现实》
释义

《理论与现实》【英】

Theory and Reality: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science (by Peter Godfrey-Smith)

译文来源

Godfrey-Smith, P. Theory and Reality: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science [M]. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003.

定义

《理论与现实》是彼特·戈弗雷-史密斯针对科学哲学而撰写的书籍,主要来源是他在斯坦福大学教授的课程,也涵盖了学生及其同事的评价和反馈,以学生为主要读者群。作者旨在借此书介绍科学哲学研究的主要问题,以及科学哲学百年来的发展史。此外,作者还详细阐述了科学哲学与其他学科的关系,科学理论发展所面临的环境变化。作者认为,科学哲学仍出于一片混乱中,借助科学哲学界当下的争论,可以探讨科学哲学的发展史。《理论与现实》是按照历史发展顺序编写,但不同章节也有主题关联。第一、二章介绍了相关背景;第三、四、十和十四章针对相关论据、实验、理论和可行选择进行介绍;第五至十一章讨论了科学变化和科学的社会组织,以及认识论问题与科学变化、科学的社会组织之间的相互作用;第十二、十三章更多地关注科学哲学形而上学的方面。

定义来源

Godfrey-Smith, P. Theory and Reality: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science [M]. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003.

例句

1. 在《晚近的哲学家》一书中,他还批评性地指认了鲍威尔、施蒂纳和费尔巴哈都只是关注观念中的类与个人之间的矛盾和冲突,因为这种批判只是一种主观意识层面中的否定和扬弃,并不能改变市民社会中现实的个人的孤立状态,所以,他旗帜鲜明地提出要走向社会主义实践,重新统一“分裂了的理论与现实”。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:389

1. In The Recent Philosophers, he criticizes Bauer, Stirner, and Feuerbach for only paying attention to the contradictions and conflicts between the ideal species and individual men. Because this critique was merely refutation and transcendence on a subjective level of consciousness, it could not change the isolated state of individuals in the reality of civil society, and Hess therefore strongly advocated moving towards the practice of socialism in order to reunite “the fragments of theory and reality.” -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 300.

2. 以马克思这里的描述,国民经济学的理论与现实正好是矛盾的,这说明了以国民经济学的立场来分析资产阶级社会现实是行不通的。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:210

2. According to Marx’s descriptions at this point, the theory and reality of political economy was in contradiction, explaining why it was impossible to use the standpoint of political economy to analyze the realities of bourgeois society. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 157.

3. 我们一下子知晓了马克思上述理论与现实对立的源头。此时的马克思认为,与其他经济学家不同,蒲鲁东不是批评私有制的个别形式(如西斯蒙第批判资产阶级社会,却维护小私有者的利益),“而是把整个私有制十分透彻地描述为经济关系的伪造者。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:270-271

3. We will soon look at the origin of the opposition between theory and reality that Marx brought up earlier. At this time, Marx believes that unlike other economists, Proudhon does not criticize the individual forms of private property (such as Saint Simon’s criticism of bourgeois society while protecting the interests of the petty bourgeoisie): “He therefore consistently depicts as the falsifier of economic relations not this or that particular kind of private property, as other economists do, but private property as such and in its entirety. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 206.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
本文是从文化哲学的视角来阐释当代中国的宗教问题,具体说是对宗教在文化哲学思维层面上进行理论与现实问题的分析和探讨。——《当代中国宗教问题的文化研究》,东北师范大学博士学位论文,2007
This paper elaborates on contemporary China’s religion-related issues from the perspective of cultural philosophy.

例句 2:
论文立足于当代中国的社会现实,运用马克思主义政治学基本原理为指导,将新社会阶层政治参与放在中国政治发展的视野下加以审视,并以此作为分析新社会阶层政治参与问题的基本理论前提,从新社会阶层政治参与的一般理论、重要价值、现实状况、需要注意的几个问题等方面对新社会阶层政治参与的理论与现实问题进行了较为系统的研究。——《新社会阶层政治参与研究》,中共中央党校博士学位论文,2009
Then the dissertation will study, in a comparatively systemic way, the theoretical and practical issue put forward by the new social stratum participating in political affairs in the perspective of its general theory, important value, real states, and other several problems needing attention.

例句 3:
但社会主义实践过程中理论与现实的反差,突显了社会主义自由问题研究的必要性和紧迫性。——《社会主义自由问题研究》,中共中央党校博士学位论文,2014However, the theory and practice of socialism during the study highlights the necessity and urgency of contrast between the reality of socialist freedom.

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更新时间:2024/9/21 7:03:28