字词 | 实验科学 |
释义 | 实验科学【英】experimental science译文来源Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 4) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1975: 128. 定义实验科学亦称“经验自然科学”,是指“18世纪以前的经典自然科学或以实验方法为基础的科学”,与“理论自然科学”相对。实验科学最初的倡导者是英国的罗吉尔·培根,弗兰西斯·培根极大地推动了实验科学的发展和应用(金炳华,2002:64)。 定义来源[1] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003. 例句1. 英国唯物主义和整个现代实验科学的真正始祖是培根。在他的眼中,自然科学是真正的科学,而以感性经验为基础的物理学则是自然科学的最重要的部分。阿那克萨哥拉连同他那无限数量的原始物质和德谟克利特连同他的原子,都常常被他当做权威来引证。按照他的学说,感觉是完全可靠的,是一切知识的泉源。 ——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二卷)》,1957:163 1. The real progenitor of English materialism and all modern experimental science is Bacon. To him natural philosophy is the only true philosophy, and physics based upon the experience of the senses is the chiefest part of natural philosophy. Anaxagoras and his homoeomeriae, Democritus and his atoms, he often quotes as his authorities. According to him the senses are infallible and the source of all knowledge. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 4), 1975: 128. 2. 以萨伊的观点,政治经济学就是实验科学中面对发生着的事件之一般事实的研究。他认为,这门科学有这样的特点:它说明那些事实不断相结合,以致一个事实总是另一个事实的结果,以及为什么是这样。但它不用假设来作进一步的说明,而要从事物的本质去明白理解事物的联系。政治经济学必须引导人们从一个环节到另一个环节,使得有理解力的人都能理会这个链条是怎样联系起来。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:30 2. Say asserts that political economy is a branch of experimental science that studies general facts. Of the characteristics of political economy, Say writes: It shows what facts are constantly conjoined with each other; so that one is always the sequence of the other. But it does not resort for any further explanations to hypothesis: from the nature of particular events their concatenations must be perceived; the science must conduct us from one link to another, so that every intelligent understanding may clearly comprehend in what manner the chain is united. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 5. 3. 知识与循环式的愚昧对立,那么工业和破解自然秘密的实验科学的出现,必然要打破神学不朽的凝固性,因而才能成为历史生活的一种新形式。更重要的是,历史意识第一次真正出现了。——《历史与阶级意识:关于马克思主义辩证法的研究》,1996:122 3. Knowledge stands against the cyclical fatuity, and the emergence of industry and experimental science as a key to the natural mysteries must break the solidification of theology in order to establish itself as a new form of historical life. What’s more important, historical consciousness appears for the first time. -Quoted from History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics, 1971: 176. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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