字词 | 存款保险制度 |
释义 | 存款保险制度【英】the deposit insurance system译文来源Report on the Work of the Government, 2016. via: http://english.gov.cn/premier/news/2016/03/17/content_281475309417987.htm 定义“是指一个国家或地区以保护存款人的利益和金融安全为目标,通过法律形式在金融体系中设立专门的存款保险机构,并要求吸收存款的金融机构按照法定的保险费率向存款保险机构缴纳保险费,在该存款机构因经营失败不能向存款人支付存款时,由存款保险机构按照法定标准对存款人进行存款赔付的法律制度”(刘少军,2014:67)。建立存款保险制度的目的在于为金融体系提供安全保障,“防止存款者因为个别金融机构倒闭而对其它金融机构动摇信心,由此导致挤兑,引发银行恐慌和金融危机”(赵保国,2010:45)。建立存款保险制度如今已成为市场经济国家通行的作法,世界上已经有60多个国家建立了存款保险制度,当然,“成功的存款保险制度在市场经济国家也不多见”(颜海波,2004:29)。存款保险制度可以在一国发生局部银行信用危机时,增强社会公众对金融机构与金融市场的信心,从而可以有效地避免因局部危机而造成的对全局的冲击。但是它也存在一些弊端。“首先,存款保险与其它保险还存在着差别,保险的存在是建立在大数法则的基础上,即灾难的发生是个别的。而银行支付危机往往在特定时期内集中发生,任何一种存款保险方案,除非它提供无限制的保护,并得到政府的全额支持,否则不可能防止系统性银行挤兑”。其次,存款保险机制的存在客观上也增加了各参与方的运行成本,即增加了监管者的监管负担和银行的运营成本。最后鉴于存款保险制度往往会引起一定的道德风险与逆向选择问题(赵保国,2010:45)。 定义来源[1] 刘少军.金融法学[M].清华大学出版社,2014. 例句1. 财税金融等重点改革深入推进。中央对地方专项转移支付项目减少三分之一,一般性转移支付规模增加。营改增稳步实施,资源税从价计征范围扩大。取消存款利率浮动上限,推出存款保险制度,建立人民币跨境支付系统。价格改革力度加大,中央政府定价项目减少80%,地方政府定价项目减少一半以上。国有企业、农村、投融资、生态文明等领域改革有序推进,全面深化改革的成效正在显现。——《2016年政府工作报告》 1. Fiscal, tax, financial, and other key reforms were deepened. The central government cut, by one third, the number of items for which special transfer payments are permitted, while scaling up its general transfer payments. Steady progress was made in replacing business tax with VAT. Ad valorem taxation was extended to cover more types of resource taxes. The upper limit of the floating band on deposit rates was removed, the deposit insurance system was introduced, and the RMB cross-border payment system was established. Pricing reform was intensified, with the number of central government set prices reduced by 80% and the number of local government set prices cut by more than 50%. We carried out state-owned enterprise (SOE) reforms, rural reforms, and investment and financing reforms, ecological management reforms, and others. Efforts to intensify reform in all respects are beginning to deliver results. -Quoted from Report on the Work of the Government, 2016. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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