| 在 | 218A45 12.11 | 部居  | 畫數 6 | ㄗㄞˋ [zai4] | ||
| V.i. & t. | (1) V.i., exist, live, remain: 存在 (主義) exist (-entialism); 留在那兒 stay (remain) there; 在不在be alive or dead, at home or not; 在世 (of persons) live; 在堂 (of parents) remain alive; 父母在 both parents are living; 在室 (of women) be not yet married. (2) V.t., be at, in, on: 在上 is above; 在桌上 is on the table; 在桌下 is under the table; 在其中 is in the middle; 在外，在內 [zai4wai4], [zai4nei4]↓; 在下位而不憂 not sorry for being placed in a subordinate position; 在家出家 one who, though retaining family ties, observes all the monastic rules; 在官言官 from the strictly official point of view; 在朝 (of politicians) be in power; 在野 (of politicians) be in opposition: 在野黨 the Opposition, a minority political party; 在位 (of a monarch) to reign (“on the throne”): 在位五十年 reigned for 50 years; 在職 be in active service; 在學 attend school; 在望 within sight, within reach; 在福中不知福 unmindful of the happy life one is blessed with; 在劫難逃 impossible to escape. (3) (Importance, meaning) lies in, rests in: 事情關鍵在此 the crux of the matter is this; 在止於至善 (it) lies in the attainment of moral perfection. (4) Be in a certain condition (in the act of): 在逃 be at large; 在押 in custody; 在握 in hand; 在手 ditto; 在喪 in mourning. (5) Be present: 在場 be present at the scene; 在座 be among the audience. (6) Be in certain category of class: 在所不免 is (one of those things) unavoidable; 在所不究 is (in the class) forgivable, will not be prosecuted; 在不可知之數 is one of those things that are yet uncertain. | |||||
| Prep. | (1) In: 在夢中 in a dream; 在夜裡 in the evening (night); 在某種情況之下 in a certain circumstance. (2) According to: 在你 (我) 看 from you (my) point of view, as you (I) see it. | |||||
| Words | 1. 在案 [zai4an4], phr., (case) is the subject of a previous communication; (person) is on the police record. 2. 在幫 [zai4bang1], phr., be a member of a secret society. 3. 在陳 [zai4chen2], phr., be in financial straits (allu. to the story of Confucius suffering from food shortage in the country of Chern). 4. 在旗 [zai4qi2], phr., be a member of a Manchu “banner”--one of the army corps that conquered China and their descendants. 5. 在處 [zai4chu4], adv., everywhere. 6. 在公 [zai4gong1], v.i. & adj., (LL) (be) on duty: 夙夜在公 attend office morning and night. 7. 在行 [zai4hang2], adj., experienced, adept, conversant. 8. 在後 [zai4hou4], adv., behind; later on. 9. 在乎 [zai4hu4] ([zai4hu0]), (1) v.t., (importance, etc.) lie in, rest with: 這個人的長處，就在乎他肯說老實話 this man's strength lies in his readiness to tell the truth; (2) v.i., be interested; v.i., 不在乎 not concerned: 他滿不在乎 he is totally unconcerned. 10. 在家 [zai4jia1]., (1) n., (Budd.) live at home, not in monastery (opp. 出家 one who has left home and become a monk or nun); (2) adv., at home. 11. 在教 [zai4jiao4], phr., be a believer in Islamism. 12. 在疚 [zai4jiu4], v.i. & adj., (AC) (be) in bereavement. 13. 在即 [zai4ji2], adj., forthcoming, fast approaching: 考試在即 examinations are near at hand. 14. 在莒 [zai4jU3], phr., living in exile (as a political refugee) allu. to the story of 齊桓公 biding his time at Jyuu. 15. 在理兒 [zai4lie1er0], n., a member of a 17th cen. secret semi-religious society (理教) dedicated to the overthrow of the Manchu Dyn. 16. 在理 [zai4li3], phr., according to reason. 17. 在內 [zai1nei4], adj., included: 小賬在內 tips included. 18. 在苫 [zai4shan1], adj., newly bereaved of father or mother. 19. 在下 [zai4xia4], (1) adv., below; (2) pron., I, your humble servant. 20. 在先 [zai4xian1], adv., (1) beforehand; (2) formerly, previously. 21. 在心 [zai4xin1], v.i. & adj., (be) attentive, alert, on the watch. 22. 在昔 [zai1xi2], adv., once upon a time, formerly, in former times, in times past. 23. 在事 [zai4shi4], v.i., be in charge (of s.t.). 24. 在在 [zai4zai4], adv., everywhere, in all directions. 25. 在外 [zai4wai4], adj. & adv., (1) outside; (2) away from home; (3) excluded: 小賬在外 excluding tips. 26. 在意 [zai4yi4], v.i. & adj., (be) careful, attentive: 不在意 not concerned. | |||||