| 字词 | 天 |
| 释义 | »» 天 tiān MC then 1. the sky, the heavens; celestial (as physical quality, paired with the earthly, di 地); e.g. 天下 tiānxià, the subcelestial realm, the world, the empire; 青天 qīngtiān, the blue sky; 天河 tiānhé, the He River in the sky, sky river, i.e. Milky Way; 天末 tiānmò, 天際 tiānjì, 天涯 tiānyá, the end(s), edge, or shores of the sky, i.e. of the world. a. climate, weather; seasons. 2. heaven, as overarching power beyond human comprehension but often responsive to human entreaty and to ritual sacrifice from the ruler. a. heaven, as conscious overseer and regulator of earthly matters, given to rewarding and punishing human conduct. 3. heaven-endowed, affirmed or approved of by heaven; e.g. 天王 tiānwáng, heaven-endowed king; (Dao.) 天師 tiānshī, Celestial Master, name of religious movement initiated and the title taken by Zhang Daoling 張道陵 in the mid-2nd-century CE as a covenant with the deified Laozi. a. having the qualities associated with heaven; of most unusual or extraordinary ability; 天馬 tiānmǎ, heavenly horses, the “blood-sweating” horses brought from Ferghana in the late 2nd-century BCE which were far superior to those previously known in China. 4. natural, not initiated by or deriving from humans; e.g. 天道 tiāndào, the Way of heaven, the natural course and structure of the world; 天才 tiancái, native genius, heaven-sent ability. a. the natural world; e.g. 天物 tiānwù, nature’s phenomena, the animals and plants of the physical world; 天籟 tiānlài, nature’s sounding-pipes, the “cosmic harmony” of the natural world (< Zhuangzi 2). 5. (Budd.) trns. of Skt. deva, god, divinity, celestial being; divine. 6. (med.) 天竺 tiānzhú, general term for India, but properly read as 祆竺 xiānzhú (MC xen-trjuwk), trsc. of Iran. hinduka (< Skt. sindhu, name of the Indus River) ref. to people who live beyond the Indus River.
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