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字词 产能过剩
释义

产能过剩【英】

excessive production capacity; production overcapacity; overcapacity

译文来源

[1] Xi Jinping. Xi Jinping: The Governance of China [M]. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2014: 370.
[2] Xi Jinping. Xi Jinping: The Governance of China [M]. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2014: 383.
[3] Report on the Work of Government 2016. via:
http://english.gov.cn/premier/news/2016/03/17/content_281475309417987.htm

定义

产能过剩是指在计划期内,企业参与生产的全部固定资产,在既定的组织技术条件下,所能生产的产品数量,或者能够处理的原材料数量超出市场消费能力。当某一行业领域产能富余超过一定限度,并导致其对经济社会发展产生的负面效应大于正面效应时,即出现了“产能过剩”。生产能力是反映企业所拥有的加工能力的一个技术参数,与生产过程中的固定资产数量质量、组织技术条件有很大关联,因此,有种说法认为产能过剩并不意味着产品过剩是有道理的。一般认为,产能即生产能力的简称,即为成本最低产量与长期均衡中的实际产量之差。对于什么是过剩,学者有不同的观点,有人认为供大于求即为过剩。也有人认为,供大于求有两种状态,第一种是供给略大于需求,第二种是总供给不正常地超过总需求的状态。“略大于”是指除满足有效需求外,还包括必要的库存和预防不测事故的需要,这种过剩本身并不是什么祸害,而是利益。上述第二种才是过剩状态,表现为两方面:一方面是总供给为一定时间里总需求相对不足,另一方面是总需求为一定时间里总供给相对过剩。产能是否过剩,不能只看生产能力和可能的总供给量,更重要的是看有多少需求。但需求是个变量,不容易准确测定。因此,认定产能过剩,需要在纵向对比产量增长过快、过猛的同时,还应同时指出在什么范围内、在多长的时间区间、相对于多大的有效需求而言(周劲,2011:58)。

定义来源

周劲.产能过剩的内涵、评价体系及在我国工业领域的表现特征[J].经济学动态,2011(10).

例句

1. 在这方面,中国采取的经济政策既对中国经济负责,也对世界经济负责。中国经济基本面良好,今年上半年国内生产总值增长7.6%。中国也面临着地方政府债务、部分行业产能过剩等问题。这些问题处于可控范围之内,我们正在采取措施解决。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:337

1. In this regard, China adopts its economic policies not only for the good of its own economy, but for the good of the world economy as well. China's economic fundamentals are good. In the f1tst half of this year its GDP grew by 7.6%. Nonetheless, China also faces such problems as high local government debt and excessive production capacity in some industries. These problems are controllable, atid we are taking measures to address them. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 370.

2. 我对中国经济持续健康发展抱着坚定信心。同时,我们对需求下滑、产能过剩、地方债务、影子银行等问题和挑战保持着清醒认识,对外部环境可能带来的冲击高度关注,正在采取稳妥应对举措,防患于未然。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:346

2. I am firmly convinced that the Chinese economy will maintain its sound growth. At the same time, we are soberly aware of potential problems and challenges from falling demand, production overcapacity, local debts and shadow banking, and we are paying close attention to possible impacts from external forces. In this connection, we are taking prudent and proper measures to forestall any potential problems. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 383.

3. 受全球贸易萎缩等因素影响,去年我国进出口总额出现下降,预期增长目标未能实现。投资增长乏力,一些行业产能过剩严重,部分企业生产经营困难,地区和行业走势分化,财政收支矛盾突出,金融等领域存在风险隐患。——《2016年政府工作报告》

3. With the decline in global trade, amongst other factors, China experienced a fall in its total imports and exports and failed to reach its growth objective in this regard Growth in investment is sluggish, overcapacity is a serious problem in certain industries, some enterprises are facing difficulties in production and operations, growth prospects ate mixed for different regions and different industries, notable imbalances exist between government revenue and expenditures, and there are latent risks in the financial and other sectors. -Quoted from Report on the Work of Government 2016.

网络参考例句

例句 1:
产能过剩问题在我国社会经济发展中存在已久,以市场机制为基础的政府宏观调控是现阶段我国产能过剩治理的主要手段,并且取得了一定成效。——《政府管制视角下产能过剩行业企业发展路径研究——以宁波市不锈钢行业企业为例》,宁波大学硕士学位论文,2015
Excess capacity has been existed for a long time during the Chinese economic and social development. Government macro-control which is based on market mechanism is the main treatment method to deal with excess capacity, and has produced some desired results.

例句 2:
自上世纪90年代我国首次出现产能过剩开始,我国已经经历了三次严重的产能过剩阶段,分别是上世纪90年代中后期、2003-2006年和2009年至今。——《地方政府竞争与产能过剩的理论与实证分析》,浙江大学硕士学位论文,2014
Since overcapacity arose the first time in the mid 1990s, China has experienced overcapacity three times, namely, late 1990s, 2003 to 2006, and 2009 till now.

例句 3:
产能过剩是一个与生产过剩完全不同的概念,通常发生在某类特殊商品或某些特定行业中,但它们本质上都属于产品过剩的范畴。——“政府应从化解产能过剩中逐步淡出”,载于《福建论坛(人文社会科学版)》2015年第6期
Overcapacity is a very different concept from overproduction. It usually occurs in a particular category of goods or in certain industries, but they are essentially products of excess.

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更新时间:2024/9/30 6:41:03