字词 | 黑格尔主义 |
释义 | 黑格尔主义【英】Hegelianism译文来源Zhang Yibing: Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics [M]. Göttingen: Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2014: 361. 定义黑格尔主义是对德国黑格尔哲学以及直接或间接受到黑格尔哲学影响而提出的各种哲学体系的统称(金炳华,2003:21)。黑格尔主义除用以指称黑格尔本人的庞大哲学体系外,大多用于指从黑格尔晚年开始、由于争论而引起的对黑格尔思想的继续发展。这个意义上的黑格尔主义,其形成经历了一个发展过程(冯契,2007:1669)。第一阶段是从1827年至1850年,宗教与哲学的关系引起了争论。黑格尔认为宗教与哲学都将真理作为对象,宗教以表象表示,哲学以概念表示;左派,即青年黑格尔派,着重理性形式;右派,即老年黑格尔派;着重内容的相同;中派,即中间黑格尔派,兼顾内容的相同与形式的不同,因而恰当地保卫了宗教自由的合理性(金炳华,2003:21)。第二阶段是从1850年至1904年。这一阶段是解释黑格尔的时期,在这一阶段,新黑格尔主义产生了。黑格尔哲学传到其他国家,中间派的著作尤其是占了逻辑学优势,而以马克思和恩格斯为代表的马克思主义者对黑格尔的唯心主义辩证法进行了改造。因而,这一阶段是新黑格尔主义者与马克思主义者从不同角度改造黑格尔哲学的时期(冯契,2007:1669)。第三阶段是从20世纪上半叶开始的,新确定黑格尔思想的起源是这一阶段的研究重点(金炳华,2003:21)。第四阶段是指第二次世界大战及其之后的时期。这一阶段,马克思主义的研究在欧洲复兴,黑格尔与马克思的关系、黑格尔遗产对马克思主义的价值成为研究的主要问题(冯契,2007:1669)。 定义来源[1] 金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003. 例句1. 面对蒲鲁东的这种陈词滥调,马克思真有些哭笑不得,因为在他看来,蒲鲁东并没有真正理解黑格尔的辩证法,却将黑格尔的辩证法漫画式地到处挪用。大约在1844年前后,马克思甚至反躬自省,“在长时间的,往往是整夜的争论中,我使他沾染了黑格尔主义,这对他是非常有害的,因为他不懂得德文,不能认真地研究黑格尔主义”。马克思的这段文字十分让人玩味,它一方面说使蒲鲁东沾染了黑格尔主义,另一方面又说他不能认真地研究黑格尔主义。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:460-461 1. Marx did not know whether to laugh or cry as he read Proudhon’s hackneyed words, because he believed that Proudhon had not truly understood Hegel’s dialectic but was comically using it all over his text. Years later, in reflecting on his time with Proudhon in Paris, Marx regretfully wrote “In the course of lengthy debates often lasting all night, I infected him very much to his detriment with Hegelianism, which, owing to his lack of German, he could not study properly.” There is much to ponder here; on the one hand, Marx writes that Proudhon was infected with Hegelianism, while on the other hand he writes that Proudhon could not seriously study Hegelianism. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 361. 2. 乍一看这似乎有些矛盾,其实它言近旨远,却蕴涵着更深一层的含义:第一个“黑格尔主义”是指黑格尔的观念决定论的唯心主义思辨外壳,这正是蒲鲁东在《贫困的哲学》中所津津乐道的;第二个“黑格尔主义”是指黑格尔哲学中真正有价值的历史辩证法,这又是蒲鲁东还没有学到的东西。马克思说:“蒲鲁东是天生地倾向辩证法的。但是他从来也不懂得真正科学的辩证法。”这里的“科学辩证法”,是指马克思在1845年以后重新“回到”黑格尔所获得的哲学新视域,也就是作为方法论历史唯物主义核心的真正彻底的历史辩证法。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:461 2. At first glance this may appear contradictory, but it actually carries a deeper level of meaning: the first “Hegelianism” refers to the idealist speculative outer shell of Hegel’s idea determinism—this appears again and again in Proudhon’s Philosophy of Poverty. The second “Hegelianism” refers to the historical dialectic, which was one element of Hegel’s philosophy that was truly valuable—this was what Proudhon was never able to learn. Marx writes: “Proudhon had a natural inclination for dialectics. But as he never grasped really scientific dialectics he never got further than sophistry.” Marx uses “scientific dialectics” in reference to his “return” to the new philosophical outlook that Hegel obtained after 1845—a truly profound historical dialectic on which was centered methodological historical materialism. -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 361. 3. 可以理解,黑格尔的体系在德国的富有哲学味道的气氛中曾发生了多么巨大的影响。这是一次胜利进军,它延续了几十年,而且决没有随着黑格尔的逝世而停止。相反地,正是在1830到1840年这个时期,“黑格尔主义”的独占统治达到了顶点,它甚至或多或少地感染了自己的敌人;正是在这个时期,黑格尔的观点自觉地或不自觉地大量浸入了各种科学,甚至渗透了通俗读物和日报,而普通的“有教养的意识”就是从这些通俗读物和日报中汲取自己的思想材料的。——《马克思恩格斯全集(第二十一卷):路德维希·费尔巴哈和德国古典哲学的终结》,1965:311 3. One can imagine what a tremendous effect this Hegelian system must have produced in the philosophy-tinged atmosphere of Germany. It was a triumphal procession which lasted for decades and which by no means came to a standstill on the death of Hegel. On the contrary, it was precisely from 1830 to 1840 that “Hegelianism” reigned most exclusively, and to a greater or lesser extent infected even its opponents. It was precisely in this period that Hegelian views, consciously or unconsciously, most extensively penetrated the most diversified sciences and leavened even popular literature and the daily press, from which the average “educated consciousness” derives its mental pabulum. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 26): Ludwig Feuerbach and the End of Classical German Philosophy, 1990: 362-362. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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