字词 | 消费 |
释义 | 消费【英】consumption译文来源Xi Jinping. Xi Jinping: The Governance of China [M]. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 2014: 143. 定义消费,是指人们消耗物质资料以满足生活需要的过程,通常是指个人为生存而消耗商品。广义的消费包括生产消费和个人消费。通常所说的消费是指狭义的个人消费。在社会生产总过程中,产品通过分配和交换而达到消费(许征帆,1987)。社会再生产过程包括生产、分配、交换、消费这样相互联系的四个环节,消费作为社会再生产的一个环节,它可以维持劳动者的生产能力,因而提高这种能力是生产所必需的,消费是物质资料生产总过程的最终目的和动力。大力发展生产是提高消费水平的根本因素。消费水平受很多因素的影响,其中主要的因素是居民的收入。收入是消费的基础和前提。消费有不同的类型,具有钱货两清的消费、租赁消费。按照消费的目的,生活消费可以分成生存资料消费、发展资料消费和享受资料消费。其中,生存资料消费满足较低层次衣、食、住、行的需要,是最基本的消费。随着经济发展、收入水平提高,人们越来越追求身心愉悦和全面发展,发展资料和享受资料的消费将逐渐增加。生产和消费是辩证统一的。生产决定消费,生产决定消费的对象、方式、质量和水平并且为消费创造动力。消费对生产有重要的反作用,消费拉动经济增长、促进生产发展。一个新的消费热点的出现,往往能带动一个产业的出现和成长。消费能为生产创造出新的劳动力,能提高劳动力的质量,提高劳动者的生产积极性(刘建明,1993:450)。 定义来源[1] 许征帆.马克思主义辞典[Z].吉林大学出版社,1987. 例句1. 第一,推动能源消费革命,抑制不合理能源消费。坚决控制能源消费总量,有效落实节能优先方针,把节能贯穿于经济社会发展全过程和各领域,坚定调整产业结构,高度重视城镇化节能,树立勤俭节约的消费观,加快形成能源节约型社会。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:131 1. First,we must revolutionize energy consumption, and rein in imitational energy use. We need to impose strict controls on overall energy use, effectively implement a policy in which energy conservation is the top priority, and save energy across the board in all spheres of economic and social activity. We should also adjust the structure of the energy industry, make energy conservation a priority in urbanization, and encourage an attitude to consumption characterized by diligence and thrift. We must build an energy-conserving society. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 143-144. 2. 节约资源是保护生态环境的根本之策。要大力节约集约利用资源,推动资源利用方式根本转变,加强全过程节约管理,大幅降低能源、水、土地消耗强度,大力发展循环经济,促进生产、流通、消费过程的减量化、再利用、资源化。——《习近平谈治国理政》,2014:209 2. Resource conservation is a fundamental way to protect the environment. We will conserve resources and use them efficiently bring about a fundamental change in the way resources are utilized, increase conservation efforts in all respects, and drastically reduce the consumption of energy, water and land resources per unit of GDP. We will vigorously develop a circular economy to reduce waste and resource consumption, re-use resources, and recycle waste in the process of production, distribution and consumption. -Quoted from Xi Jinping: The Governance of China, 2014: 231. 3. 结构调整取得积极进展。服务业在国内生产总值中的比重上升到50.5%,首次占据“半壁江山”。消费对经济增长的贡献率达到66.4%。高技术产业和装备制造业增速快于一般工业。单位国内生产总值能耗下降5.6%。——《2016年政府工作报告》 3. Encouraging progress was made in structural adjustment. The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 50.5%, accounting for more than half for the first time. The contribution of consumption toward economic growth reached 66.4%. High-tech industries and equipment manufacturing grew faster than other industries. Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5.6%. -Quoted from Report on the Work of the Government, 2016. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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