法律【英】

law

译文来源

Marx, K. & F. Engels. Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 11) [M]. London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1979: 81.

定义

法律，是国家的产物，是指统治阶级(统治集团，就是政党, 包括国王、君主)，为了实现统治并管理国家的目的，经过一定立法程序，所颁布的基本法律和普通法律。法律是全体国民意志的体现，国家的统治工具。法律通常是指由社会认可国家确认立法机关制定规范的行为规则，并由国家强制力(主要是司法机关)保证实施的，以规定当事人权利和义务为内容的，对全体社会成员具有普遍约束力的一种特殊行为规范(社会规范)。法律是一系列的规则，通常需要经由一套制度来落实。但在不同的地方，法律体系会以不同的方式来阐述人们的法律权利与义务。其中一种区分的方式便是分为欧陆法系和英美法系两种。有些国家则会以他们的宗教法条为其法律的基础。法学家们从许多不同的角度来研究法律，包括从法制史和哲学，或从如经济学与社会学等社会科学的方面来探讨。法律的研究来自于对何为平等、公正和正义等问题的讯问，这并不都总是简单的。在一个法制健全的国家中，创造和解释法律的核心机构为政府的三大部门：公正不倚的司法、民主的立法和负责的行政。除此之外，若要支持整个法律系统的运作，同时带动法律的进步，则独立自主的法律专业人员和充满生气的公民社会也是不可或缺的一部分。（法律.via :http://baike.so.com/doc/1296429-1370714.html）。

定义来源

法律.via:
http://baike.so.com/doc/1296429-1370714.html

例句

1. 法兰克福的圣人们经过一番深刻的外交研究之后，终于得出结论说，作这种答复就等于拒绝皇冠。于是他们（在4月12日）作出一项决议：帝国宪法是国家的法律，必须加以遵守。但是，由于他们根本不知道他们下一步应该怎么走，他们就选举了一个三十人的委员会，要它就如何才能实施这个宪法提出建议。—— 《马克思恩格斯全集（第八卷）》，1961：96

1. The Frankfort wiseacres, after profound diplomatic inquiry, at last came to the conclusion that this answer amounted to a refusal of the crown. They then (April 12) resolved: That the Imperial Constitution was the law of the land, and must be maintained; and not seeing their way at all before themselves, elected a Committee of Thirty, to make proposals as to the means how this Constitution could be carried out. -Quoted from Karl Marx Frederick Engels Collected Works (Vol. 11), 1979: 81.

2. 我想提醒大家注意，在早期政治经济学家经验观察视域中的焦点已经不是英国经验论的直观自然对象，甚至也不仅仅是社会实在论那种社会生活中的直观感性实体，而是社会生活中人的“行为”和“事情”（琼斯语），即非实体性的社会经验现象，甚至还有“文化”、“法律”与“人的本质”（麦克库洛赫语）等无形的主观因素。——《回到马克思：经济学语境中的哲学话语》，2009：27

2. I would like to remind readers that the focus of the experimental observation conducted by early political economists was no longer on the intuitive natural phenomena studied by the English empiricists, nor was it on the intuitive, perceived substances within social life studied in social realism. Rather, as Jones put it, the focus was placed on insubstantial social empirical phenomena such as human “behavior” and “affairs” in social life. These even included, as McCulloch suggested, such invisible, subjective elements as “culture”, “law”, and “human nature.” -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 12.

3. 这样一件杀死抗日同志的大事，有谁出来过问呢？自从六月十二日下午三时杀了人之后，到今天是八月一日了，我们看见有人出来过问没有呢？没有。这件事应该由谁出来过问呢？应该由中国的法律出来过问，由法官出来过问。如果在陕甘宁边区发生了这样的事情，我们的高等法院早就出来过问了。但是，平江惨案快两个月了，法律和法官并没有出来过问。这是什么缘故呢？这是因为中国不统一。——《毛泽东选集（第二卷）》，1991：576

3. Has anyone taken action on this serious case of the murder of anti-Japanese comrades? The murder was committed at 3 p.m. on June 12, today is August 1, but in all this time have we seen anyone step forward and take action? No. Who should have done so? Action should have been taken under the law of the land by the administrators of the law. If such a thing had happened in the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border Region, our high court would have acted long ago. But although nearly two months have elapsed since the Pingkiang massacre, the law and its administrators have done nothing. What is the reason? The reason is, China is not unified. -Quoted from Selected Works of Mao Tse-Tung (Vol. 2), 1965: 258.

网络参考例句

例句 1：
在我国社会主义法律体系形成的历史背景下，确立和保障法律规范的合法性是法治国家的重要原则。——“我国合法性审查制度的规范研究”，载于《新疆师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2015年第3期
As China’s socialist legal system is being shaped, it is an important principle for a state with rule of law to establish and secure the legality of legal norm.

例句 2：
长期以来，党纪条例存在的主要问题是纪律与法律存在内容重复，某些纪律宽于法律等。——“党纪体系建设科学化的逻辑与对策”，载于《广州大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第11期
The current CPC discipline system has three kinds of problems. They are the serious overlap between discipline and law, lower regulation standards of discipline than law, and the inconsistence with the principle of rule of law. 

例句 3：
中国共产党作为执政党，对内依据党内法规来管理党的组织和党员，对外通过宪法法律治国理政。——“论党内法规与宪法法律的关系”，载于《江汉大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第3期
The Communist Party of China, as the ruling party, manages its organizations and members of the party by party rules and governs the state by constitution and laws.