昌马石窟【英】

Changma Grottoes

定义

敦煌石窟群之一，位于甘肃省玉门市玉门镇东南九十公里处的祁连山麓，源于祁连山的昌马河（疏勒河的一段）经窟崖前北流。 窟群包括大坝千佛洞和下窖两处。现大坝石窟仅存部分窟龛，造像、壁画基本残毁；下窖石窟存窟龛11个，开创于十六国时期，依山势分为南、北、中三段。

It is one group of grottoes in Dunhuang built in the foothills of the Qilian Mountain 90 km southeast of the town of Yumen in Gansu Province. The Changma River (a part of the Shule River), originating from the Qilian Mountain, flows north in front of the cliffs where the grottoes are. The grottoes are made up of two sections, the Daba Thousand Buddha Caves and the Xiajiao Grottoes. Today only some caves and niches can be seen at Daba. Statues and frescoes there are mostly destroyed, but at Xiajiao there are still 11 caves and niches, constructed in the Sixteen Kingdoms period and divided into three sections according to the shape of the mountains, namely the southern section, the northern section, and the middle section.