字词 | 《社会革命》 |
释义 | 《社会革命》【英】Social Revolution译文来源[1] Zhang Yibing. Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics [M]. Göttingen: Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2014: 129. 定义《社会革命》德国考茨基著。为1902年4月在荷兰首都所作的关于社会主义革命问题的讲演稿。是一本流传较广的宣传唯物史观的通俗读物。该书把社会革命定义为被压迫阶级起来夺取国家权力的政治革命,认为在资本主义以前,由于政治范围狭小,社会意识不发达,不会发生社会革命。“社会革命,是资本主义社会和资本主义国家所特有的社会发展阶段”,这就是无产阶级革命。它分析了资本主义下的无产阶级、知识分子、小资产阶级和资产阶级的状况,驳斥阶级矛盾缓和了,资产阶级日益向无产阶级接近的论点。分析民主的实质,批评通过民主能和平过渡到社会主义的观点。指出无产阶级和资产阶级的决战是不可避免的,决战的形式和时间要根据情况确定。列宁认为,该书发表了许多宝贵的见解,但恰恰回避了国家问题,即认为“不破坏国家机器也能夺取政权”(《列宁全集》第31卷第102页)。(金炳华,2003:945) 定义来源金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003. 例句1. 一方面,恩格斯认为正是这一规律“造成了人们今日所处的相互奴役的状况”;另一方面,他则谈到由于自由竞争所带来的社会经济生活的“无秩序”性,特别是这种无秩序性所必然导致的周期性“波动”和“商业危机”。同时他还指出,如果这样“无意识地毫不思考地全凭偶然性来进行生产,那末商业危机就会继续下去;而且一定是一次比一次更普遍,因而也一次比一次更严重”,最终,必将导致资产阶级社会自身的彻底毁灭,这也就“势必引起一次社会革命”。——《回到马克思:经济学语境中的哲学话语》,2009:129 1. On one hand, Engels asserts in Umriß zu einer Kritik der Nationalökonomie that this law had, “completed the reciprocal bondage in which men now hold themselves.” On the other hand, he mentions the “disorder” in socio-economic life brought on by free competition, especially the periodic “fluctuations” and “trade crises” caused by lack of order. At the same time he points out if “you continue to produce in the present unconscious, thoughtless manner, at the mercy of chance—then trade crises will remain; and each successive crisis is bound to become more universal and therefore worse than the preceding one.” Then, ultimately, it would lead to the complete destruction of bourgeois society. As Engels writes towards the end of Umriß zu einer Kritik der Nationalökonomie, this would “finally cause a social revolution.” -Quoted from Back to Marx: Changes of Philosophical Discourse in the Context of Economics, 2014: 89. 2. 马克思主义不只是想要在资本主义的游戏中战胜资本主义,而且希望对生产在人类事务中的作用进行根本的重估所谓的科学技术革命......必须由新的社会革命重新改造。(我们将在第七章中看到,鲍德里亚差不多同时对马克思主义思想的生产拜物教提出了类似的批评。)——《后马克思主义思想史》,2011:99 2. Marxism should mean more than beating capitalism at its own game; what is wanted is a radical reassessment of the role played by production in human affairs: ‘The so-called scientific and technical revolution… must be reprogrammed by a new social revolution.’ (As we shall see in chapter 7, Baudrillard is making very similar noises about the obsession with production in Marxist thought at around the same time.) -Quoted from Post-Marxism: An Intellectual History, 2001: 63. 3. “看穿”压迫性国家机器的诡计(反向阅读)不足以为成功的社会革命创造出条件:问题存在于别处,存在于使意识形态运转起来的人类心理和欲望(尽管意识形态存在明显的失败)内部。——《后马克思主义思想史》,2011:152 3. It will no longer be enough to ‘see through’ the machinations of the Repressive and Ideological State Apparatuses (to read against their grain) in order to create the conditions for a successful social revolution: the problem lies elsewhere, within the human psyche and our desire to make ideology work despite its manifest failings. -Quoted from Post-Marxism: An Intellectual History, 2001: 97. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
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