字词 | 多元决定 |
释义 | 多元决定【英】overdetermination译文来源Sim, S. Post-Marxism: An Intellectual History [M]. Taylor & France e-library, 2001: 61. 定义多元决定论,亦译“社会多元决定论”、“超决定论”。法国阿尔图塞用语。指马克思主义辩证法。他认为马克思主义辩证法与黑格尔的唯心主义辩证法完全不同。黑格尔的辩证法是一元论的辩证法,即由绝对精神所决定,而马克思主义辩证法是多元辩证法,承认各因素之间的相互作用。他以1917年10月的俄国社会主义革命为例,认为在当时形势下,各种势力汇合成一种革命破坏力。这些势力相互有矛盾,性质也有所不同,没有共同的根源与方面,没有共同立场与发展水平,它们既属于生产关系,又属于上层建筑,也从属于国际形势,它们的发展是多元的,没有唯一的来源。该理论在历史辩证法上没有强调经济基础决定上层建筑,而把两者视为同等地位;从辩证法来说,则把矛盾双方看成处于平等地位,没有区别矛盾的主要方面与次要方面、主要矛盾与次要矛盾,因而没有正确表述马克思主义矛盾观点的实质。阿尔图塞在《读<资本论>》中又把这种多元决定论表述为结构因果性,实质上没有什么改变。(金炳华,2003:969) 定义来源金炳华.马克思主义哲学大辞典[Z].上海辞书出版社,2003. 例句1. 在具体的文化环境下,阶级可能是决定不足或多元决定的,因此,阶级的碎片可以凭借自身成为一种社会力量,即使它们不符合抽象阶级模式的精确论述。由于具有赋予理论凌驾在具体社会政治形势上的一般倾向,经典马克思主义的分析 没有认识这一状况,得出了许多错误的结论。—— 《后马克思主义思想史》,2011: 95 1. Classes can be underdetermined or overdetermined in specific cultural instances, therefore, and fractions may exist as a social force in their own right even though they fail to fit the precise formulation of the abstract model of a class. Failure to recognize this state of affairs has led to many wrong conclusions in classical Marxist analysis, with its general tendency to privilege the theory over the concrete socio-political situation. -Quoted from Post-Marxism: An Intellectual History, 2001: 61. 2. 综上所述,根据马克思主义的历史经验,一切矛盾在历史实践中都以多元决定的矛盾而出现:这种多元决定正是马克思的矛盾与黑格尔的矛盾相比所具有的特殊性;黑格尔辩证法的“简单性”来源于黑格尔的“世界观”,特别是来源于在世界观中得到反映的历史观。既然如此,我们不禁要问:马克思的矛盾的多元决定的内容是什么?根据是什么?马克思的社会观怎么能在多元决定中得到反映?——《保卫马克思》,1984:84 2. But if every contradiction appears in Marxist historical practice and experience as an overdetermined contradiction; if this overdetermination constitutes the specificity of Marxist contradiction; if the 'simplicity' of the Hegelian dialectic is inseparable from Hegel's 'world outlook', particularly the conception of history it reflects, we must ask what is the content, the raison d'être of the overdetermination of the Marxist contradiction, and how can the Marxist conception of society be reflected in this overdetermination. -Quoted from For Marx, 1969: 107. 3. 症候是弗洛伊德用来沟通精神分析学与传统诊断医学的桥梁,弗洛伊德将其视之为无意识的一种表露。所以,他会在梦、口误和俏皮话中发现症候。弗洛伊德认为,症候是由复杂的因素“多元决定”的。阿尔都塞强调过这个词,并将其改造为一种症候阅读法。——《文本的深度耕犁:后马克思思潮哲学文本解读》,2007: 352 3. Originally, it was used by Freud to bridge psychoanalysis and conventional medical diagnosis. In the eyes of Freud, it is a revelation of the unconscious; therefore, it emerges in the dreams, slips of tongue, or wisecracks. Freud thought that symptom is "over-determined" by many complex factors Symptom later received the attention of Althusser, who turned it into “symptomatic reading.” -Quoted from A Deep Plough: Unscrambling Major Post-Marxist Texts From Adorno to Zizek, 2011: 456. 网络参考例句例句 1: |
随便看 |
|
汉译英翻译词典收录46835条汉英翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用中文字词的英语拼写、翻译、音标、读音、用法、例句等,是英语学习的有利工具。