| 了 | 533C10 32.00 | 部居  | 畫數 2 | ㄌㄧㄠˇ [liao3] ([le0] see vb. complement). | ||
| V.t. | (1) To understand: 了解，了悟，了事，了然 [liao3jie3], [liao3wu4], [liao3shi4], [liao3ran2].↓ (2) To finish, complete, settle, dispose of, fulfill: 完了 to finish; 了畢，了卻，了結，了清，了事 [liao3bi4], [liao3qUe4], [liao3jie2], [liao3qing1], [liao3shi4]↓; 了案 settle case; 了債，了賬 settle debt, accounts; 未了之事 unfinished business; 以不了了之 leave it unsettled, conclude without conclusion; 不了情 unrequited but eternal love; 不得了 disastrous; 了不得 see [liao3bu4de2]↓; 得了此願，了此心願 able to fulfill this wish; 了此宿緣 fulfill this love regarded as working out of destiny. (3) (Coll.) to put in, take away: 誰把一塊石頭了到井裡了 who threw a rock into the well? 皮襖也讓他了去了 consider the fur jacket as also taken away; forget about it. | |||||
| Vb. complement. | (1) ([liao3]) 得了 and 不了 after vbb. are idiomatic complements for “can” and “cannot” or “able” and “unable”: 此事辦不了 unable to finish this business; 不容易辦得了 not easy to finish; 他來不了 he is unable to come (prevented by business); 去不了 cannot go (on account of rain, etc.); 死不了 there will never be an end to these rascals. (2) ([le0]) Unaccented, complement with the sense of conclusion (Eng. perfect tense); ([liao3]) if accented: 他走了 he has gone; 畢業了 has graduated; 飯熟了 rice is cooked; 病好了 illness is recovered; 債還了 debt has been paid; with the sense that s.t. has started moving: 來了，來了 (he) has come or is coming! (I) am coming! | |||||
| Fin. Part. | In imperative sentence: 好了，好了，不要多講了 well, well, don't talk any more! 大家回房去睡了 go back to your rooms and get in bed! | |||||
| Words | 1. 了畢 [liao3bi4], v.i., to finish. 2. 了不得 [liao3bu4de2], adj., oft. in excl., marvellous (praise of person); adj., 好的了不得 very, very good; 他的本領真了不得 his skill is truly marvellous; extremely: 痛的了不得 extremely painful; note: 不得了 has opposite mening of “disastrous.” 3. 了清 [liao3qing1], v.i., settle (accounts). 4. 了卻 [liao3qUe4], v.t., as in 了卻一樁心事 finish s.t. I have always wanted to do; 了卻這些糾紛 settle all this dispute. 5. 了當 [liao3dang4], adj., as in 直截了當 simple and direct, uncomplicated; (MC) settled. 6. 了得 [liao3de2], (1) v.t., settle, complete, also understand: 可以了得，了得了 can understand or able to settle (business); v.t., 這還了得 how horrible! (s.t. has got out of control); (2) adj., very good, useful, serviceable: 十分了得 very good, commendable indeed; adj., 著實了得 really excellent; see difference between 了不得 and 不得了 [liao3bu4de2]↑. 7. 了鳥 [liao2diao3] ([liao2niao4]), (1) adj., hanging and swinging; (2) n., brass or iron knocker ring on gate; n., device to hold window in position. 8. 了斷 [liao3duan4], v.i., settle (case): 自尋了斷 find short way out, commit suicide. 9. 了賬 [liao3zhang4], v.i., settle account; (coll.) pass away. 10. 了解 [liao3jie3], v.t., to understand: 你不了解我 you do not understand me. 11. 了結 [liao3jie2], v.t., conclude (affair). 12. 了局 [liao3jU2], n., end settlement: 也不是個了局 this will not be the end--is no settlement. 13. 了兒 [liao3er0], n., the end: 到了兒還是落空 in the end get nothing; 這事未了兒之前 before this affair has ended. 14. 了了 [liao2liao3], adj., understanding at heart: 心中了了 understand (without saying much); 不甚了了 do not quite understand; (MC) intelligent: 小時了了 was intelligent as a child. 15. 了亮 [liao3liang4], adj., simple, direct (in conduct, negotiations, etc.). 16. 了然 [liao3ran2], v.i., understand: 心中了然 understand in one's mind; 一目了然 understand at one glance. 17. 了事 [liao3shi4], (1) v.t., to settle disputes, dispose of (matter): 敷衍了事 to do s.t. in a perfunctory manner; (2) adj., 了事的，了事之人 experienced, competent person; adj., 了事人 arbitrator, settler of disputes. 18. 了悟 [liao3wu4], v.i. & t., to comprehend, understand (truth, teaching), wake up to, realize (one's mistakes): 了悟前緣 understand fate caused by previous incarnation. | |||||