| 不 | 451B20 31.22 | 部居  | 畫數 4 | Re. pr. ㄅㄨ [bu1] (sp. pr. ㄅㄨˋ [bu4] , except ㄅㄨˊ [bu2] before 4th tone: thus 不是 [bu2shi4] , 不怕 [bu2pa4] ). | ||
| Adv. | Not see many common combinations in list; typical of special uses are: (1) In elliptical sentences: “你去不去?” “我不” “Are you going?” “I am not.” (2) With another negative to form double negative: 不無 not without; 不無可取 not without merit; 無不，莫不 all, without exception; 莫不感激 (we) all are grateful; 不免 “cannot help,” (common MC) must, have to: 不免回去一趟 have to go home and see; 不免心中不樂 could not help feeling disappointed. (3) In comb. 不…不 neither this nor that: 不大不小 not too big nor too small--just right; 不清不楚，不明不白 not clear; 不三不四 cannot make head or tail; irregular, shapeless; 不知不覺 unconsciously; 不男不女 effeminate man, manly woman; 不倫不類 nondescript; neither fowl nor fish; 不偏不黨 fair to all; 不卑不亢 neither obsequious nor arrogant--cordial but independent; 不即不離 neither accepting nor rejecting (proposal), maintaining discreet distance; 不多不少 just the right amount. (4) In comb.不…而 without: 不問而知 one knows without asking; 不學而能 do a thing easily, naturally; 不寒而慄 makes one shudder (at sight); 不勞而獲 gain results without working for them; 不脛而走 “runs without legs”--disappear; 不翼而飛 “fly without wings,” ditto; 不約而同，不謀而合 agree, fit without previous consultation, be a coincident. (5) Placed before auxiliary verbs: 不能，不克 cannot, unable; 不會 will not, cannot; 不必 it's not necessary; 不合，不宜，不該，不應 should not; 不是 is not; 不肯 not willing; 不可，不可以 may not, must not; 不得 [bu4de2]↓. (6) With common vbb.: 不知 do not know; 不識 ditto; 不料 did not expect; 不想 never thought; 不見得 [bu2jian4de0]↓; 不妨 [bu4fang2]↓; 不禁 [bu2jin4]↓; 不外，不過 [bu2wai4], [bu2guo4]; 不如 [bu4ru2]↓. (7) Sometimes, rarely, combined with nn.: 不衫不履 without shirt or shoes; 不毛之地 barren land. (8) With other advv.: 不但 not only, more than; 不寧 not only. (9) Freely with adjj.: 不行 [bu4xing2]↓; 不同 different, unlike; 不多 not much; 不好 [bu4hao3]↓; 不便 [bu2bian4]↓; 不舒服 unwell, uncomfortable; 不滿意 dissatisfied; 不安 [bu4an1], 不快 [bu4kuai4]↓. | |||||
| Words | 1. 不礙 [bu2ai4], phr., (不礙事) does not matter; no harm (trying, etc.) see [bu4fang2]↓. 2. 不安 [bu4an1], adj., uneasy; unwell; unsatisfied. 3. 不備 [bu2bei4], phr., (1) (at end of letter) there is more than I can tell you in this letter; phr., (2) adj., unprepared: 乘其不備 take advantage of s.o.’s unpreparedness. 4. 不必 [bu4bi1], adv., not necessary, need not: 不必客氣 need not stand on ceremony; 不必說 that goes without saying; adj., 不必等 do not wait. 5. 不便 [bu2bian4], adj., inconvenient: 不便告訴你 inconvenient to inform you. 6. 不辰 [bu4chen2], phr., 我生不辰 I was born under unlucky star. 7. 不成 [bu4cheng2], phr., (1) will not do (＝不行 [bu4xing2]↓); (2) 難道不成 you don't mean (s.t. quite uncalled-for). 8. 不成話 [bu4cheng2hua4], phr., (s.t.) is ridiculous. 9. 不器 [bu4qi4], phr., 君子不器 (AC) “a gentleman's ability is not confined to any one thing” (versatile). 10. 不起 [bu4qi3], (1) adj., in 不起之症 incurable sickness; (2) vb. complement: 看不起 despise; vb. 買不起 cannot afford to buy; vb. 想不起 cannot recall, or call up to mind; vb. cannot lift up, etc. 11. 不求人 [bu4qiu2ren2], n., bamboo or wooden back-scratcher with long handle. 12. 不情 [bu4qing2], adj., as in 不情之請 unreasonable demand; also (court.) my presumptuous demand. 13. 不揣 [bu4chuai3], phr., (court.) am presumptuous. 14. 不啻 [bu4chi4], phr., same as, as if: 不啻天地 same as the difference between heaven and earth. 15. 不群 [bu4qUn2], phr., stand out among the group. 16. 不齒 [bu4chi3], phr., be ashamed to be regarded in same group. 17. 不倒翁 [bu4dao3weng1], n., a doll which always rights itself up; (fig.) a politician surviving all upheavals. 18. 不大離兒 [bu2da4li2] ([bu2da4lie2er0]), adv., almost (＝差不多). 19. 不但 [bu2dan4], adv., not only. 20. 不到 [bu2dao4]1, phr., not quite: 不到三十 under thirty. 21. 不道 [bu2dao4]2, (1) phr., contrary to expectations (see [bu4liao4]↓); (2) adj., unreasonable, wicked. 22. 不得 [bu4de2], phr., cannot, unable: 不得而知 cannot know (results; answer); phr., 不得勁 (兒) (s.t., s.o.) does not work properly; phr., in awkward position; 不得不 cannot but, cannot help (doing); 不得已 could not help (doing), have no choice but to; 不得了 be in a bad way, disastrous, impending; 了不得 wonderful. 23. 不弔 [bu2diao4], adj., (AC) fall under bad times, unlucky. 24. 不第 [bu2di4], phr., (1) fail in examinations for degrees; (2) not only. 25. 不定 [bu2ding4], adv., not necessarily (bad, etc.), (also 不一定). 26. 不對 [bu2dui4], adj., (1) (of answers) wrong, not so; (2) do not get along (with person): 不對勁 (兒) not right, do not fit in or agree, do not get along well. 27. 不動產 [bu2dong4chan3], n., immovable (real property). 28. 不獨 [bu4du2], phr., (LL) not only, see [bu4dan4]↓. 29. 不爾 [bu2er3], phr., not so, see [bu4ran2]↓. 30. 不貳 [bu2er4], adj., loyal (to one master only). 31. 不法 [bu4fa3], adj., illegal (acts). 32. 不凡 [bu4fan2], adj., extraordinary, unusual. 33. 不妨 [bu4fang2], phr., no harm (trying, speaking directly to person, etc.). 34. 不服 [bu4fu2], phr., (1) unwilling (to admit, recognize, accept decision); (2) 不服水土 body does not agree with climate. 35. 不敢 [bu2gan3], vb. aux., dare not; vb. aux.,不敢當 [bu2gan3dang1], phr., (formula for thanking) I am unworthy. 36. 不甘 [bu4gan1], phr., dissatisfied, chagrined ,will not take it lying down. 37. 不根 [bu4gen1], adj., baseless (talk). 38. 不更事 [bu4geng1shi4], phr., 少不更事 inexperienced in life. 39. 不辜 [bu4gu1], n., an innocent person. 40. 不管 [bu4guan3], adj. & conj., regardless (of what happens): 不管什麼人 regardless of persons. 41. 不軌 [bu4gui3], adj., irregular (activities). 42. 不規則 [bu4gui1ze2], adj., irregular, not regular. 43. 不顧 [bu2gu4], phr., disregarding (obligations, “face”, requests, taboos). 44. 不過 [bu2guo4], (1) adv., only, merely: 不過如此 it's only soso; adv., 不過看一看 merely take a look; (2) conj., but, on the other hand; conj., 不過意 phr., feel embarrassed (by hospitality etc.). 45. 不國 [bu4guo2], phr., already does not function as a country. 46. 不古 [bu4gu3]1, phr., 世風不古 customs nowadays are no longer what they were. 47. 不穀 [bu4gu3]2, phr., (AC, said by ruler court.) I (“not competent one”). 48. 不好 [bu4hao3], adj., not good, will not do; 不好意思 embarrassed; 不好了 (a thing) has been spoiled, turned worse. 49. 不合 [bu4he2], (1) vb. aux., should not have (done); (2) conflict with (opinioon, rules, etc.), does not meet with (s.o.’s wishes). 50. 不遑 [bu4huang2], phr., (LL) have no time to, too busy to. 51. 不會 [bu2hui4], vb. aux., cannot, (conjecture) could not. 52. 不諱 [bu2hui4], (1) v.i., (of person) pass away; (2) phr., 直言不諱 speak without fear or favour. 53. 不惑 [bu4huo4], n., (allu.) aged forty: 不惑之年，年已不惑. 54. 不羈 [bu4ji1], adj., (person, conduct) untrammeled, free, nonconformist (“not bridled”). 55. 不見得 [bu2jian4de0], phr., don't appear to be: 不見得兩樣 does not appear to be different; phr., as a phr., “I don't think so,” “does not seem so to me.” 56. 不見了 [bu2jian4le0], v.i., disappear, vanish. 57. 不結盟國家 [bu4jie1meng2guo2jia1], n., non-aligned countries. 58. 不濟 [bu2ji4], phr., (1) does not help; (2) will not succeed: 不濟事 useless, will fail, will die. 59. 不記名 [bu2ji4ming2], phr., anonymous (votes), unregistered (stocks). 60. 不禁 [bu2jin4], vb. aux., cannot help (laughing out loud, crying, etc.). 61. 不給 [bu4ji3], adj., insufficient, inadequate (funds). 62. 不景氣 [bu4jing3qi4], n., (economic) depression. 63. 不經 [bu4jing1], adj., absurd; 不經濟 uneconomical; 不經事 inexperienced; 不經意 paying no attention; inattentive. 64. 不久 [bu4jiu3], n., soon, soon later. 65. 不及 [bu4ji2], (1) phr., (this) cannot compare with (that); (2) vb. complement, as in 來不及 it's too late (to do). 66. 不住 [bu2zhu4], (1) vb. complement, “not firmly,” “not securely”: 站不住 cannot stand one's ground; [bu2zhu4], vb. 抓不住 cannot catch hold of; (2) ceaselessly: 不住口 talk continuously. 67. 不中聽 [bu2zhong1ting1], phr., (words) displease person. 68. 不中用 [bu2zhong1yong4], adj., useless (person); (euphem.) (person) is dead. 69. 不准 [bu4zhun3], phr., do not permit, it is forbidden to (do). 70. 不支 [bu4zhi1], phr., cannot stand up under strain. 71. 不知情 [bu4zhi1qing2], phr., (1) do not know what happened (used in affidavit); (2) do not feel grateful. 72. 不置 [bu2zhi4]1, adv., (LL) continuously: 稱賞不置 praise ceaselessly. 73. 不治 [bu2zhi4]2, adj., incurable. 74. 不至於 [bu2zhi4yU2], phr., not to the extent of: 他雖不喜歡你，但也不至於恨你 he may not like you, but surely does not hate you. 75. 不職 [bu4zhi2], adj., derelect in duty. 76. 不拘 [bu4jU1], adv., regardless (of person, class, kind); any, whatever. 77. 不龜手 [bu2jU3shou3], adj., (AC, of washing agent) does not disfigure the skin. 78. 不刊 [bu4kan1]1, adj., (of work) immortal. 79. 不堪 [bu4kan1]2, (1) adv., (used after vb. or adj.,) as in 窮乏不堪 extremely or unbearably poor; (2) phr., cannot stand (noise, bother, etc.): 不堪入耳的話 unspeakable words (of abuse). 80. 不可 [bu4ke3], vb. aux., may not, must not; (also 不可以); oft. in double negative: 不可（以）不聽 must not ignore (s.o.’s) advice; 不可不慎 must be careful, 不可告人 private and confidential; secret or shameful (act, disease, etc.); 不可抗力 beyond human control; act of God; 不可一世 (phr.) hoity-toity; haughty airs. 81. 不克 [bu4ke4], vb. aux., (LL) cannot (＝不能). 82. 不快 [bu4kuai4], adj., (1) displeased; (2) slightly unwell. 83. 不匱 [bu4kui4], phr., (AC) endlessly: 孝思不匱 forever filial. 84. 不了 [bu4liao3], (1) vb. complement, expressing “cannot accomplish”: 算不了 countless; [bu4liao3], (2) phr., 以不了了之 leave in status quo, like “agree to disagree”; phr., 不了情 unfulfilled but eternal love. 85. 不料 [bu4liao4], phr., never thought. 86. 不列顛國協 [bu4lie4dian1guo2xie2], n., The British Commonwealth of Nations. 87. 不利 [bu2li4], (1) adj., disadvantageous; (2) v.i., do harm to: 不利於你 means to kill you, or harm you. 88. 不吝 [bu2lin4], n., (court., and rather formal) I (in self-reference). 89. 不理 [bu4li3], (1) v.t., ignore; (2) 不理於人口 will be criticized by people; 不理會 inattentive. 90. 不離（兒） [bu4li2] ([bu4lie2er0]), adv., pretty good; 差不離 (兒) almost. 91. 不靈 [bu4ling2], adj., (1) (of medicine, machine) does not work well; (2) 不靈了 (＝不行，不成) (s.t.) is spoiled. 92. 不論 [bu2lun4], adv., regardless (of persons, etc.). 93. 不律 [bu2lU4], n., (AC dial.) a pen (筆). 94. 不滿 [bu4man3], adj., dissatisfied. 95. 不毛 [bu4mao2], adj., as in 不毛之地 barren land. 96. 不美 [bu4mei3], adj., “does not look pretty.” 97. 不免 [bu4mian3], vb. aux., have to (esp. in MC dramas). 98. 不眠症 [bu4mian2zheng4], n., insomnia. 99. 不敏 [bu4min3], n., (LL, in self-reference) I (the first person). 100. 不耐煩 [bu2nai4fan2], adj., impatient. 101. 不能 [bu4neng2], vb. aux., cannot. 102. 不佞 [bu2ning4], n., (rather formal, in writing and speech) I, yours truly. 103. 不怕 [bu2pa4], v.i., don’t care, am sure: 不怕他不答應 I am sure, I don't doult, he will agree. 104. 不配 [bu4pei4], adj., unworthy, not qualified (to criticize). 105. 不平 [bu4ping2], adj., (1) unfair; (2) uneven; adj., (3) phr., 抱不平 feel injustice done to s.o. 106. 不讓於 [bu2rang4yU2], phr., quite equal to, can match (s.o.). 107. 不然 [bu4ran2], (1) conj., otherwise, if not: 不然的話 ditto; (2) phr., 不以為然 (s.o.) thinks it is not so, (s.o.) disagrees. 108. 不忍 [bu4ren3], phr., cannot bear to: 不忍人之心 a heart of mercy. 109. 不仁 [bu4ren2], adj., (1) unkind, malevolent; (2) (hands, feet) benumbed. 110. 不  症 [bu2ren2zheng4], n., infertility, sterility.111. 不如 [bu4ru2], phr., would rather (go home, etc.). 112. 不容 [bu4rong2], phr., (1) (condition) does not permit; (2) 為人所不容 is unwelcome by people. 113. 不日 [bu2ri4], phr., in a few days. 114. 不勝 [bu4sheng1], adv., (before or after vb.) overwhelmed: 不勝感愧 or 感愧不勝 feel overwhelmed. 115. 不想 [bu4xiang3], phr., never thought, do not want. 116. 不下 [bu2xia4], phr., not less (than thirty, etc.). 117. 不像話 [bu2xiang4hua4], adj., too ridiculous. 118. 不像樣（兒） [bu4xiang4yang4] ([er0]), adj., disreputable (conduct.). 119. 不相稱 [bu4xiang1cheng4], adj., incompatible. 120. 不相干 [bu4xiang1gan1], phr., (affair) does not concern (person). 121. 不相能 [bu4xiang1neng2], phr., do not get along well together. 122. 不相下 [bu4xiang1xia4], phr., will not yield to each other; 不相上下 more or less equal in strength, value. 123. 不祥 [bu4xiang2]1, adj., unlucky. 124. 不詳 [bu4xiang2]2, phr., not given not known, not stated: 名不詳 anonymous. 125. 不消 [bu4xiao1], phr., do not need: 不消說 needless to say; 不消半小時 do not need more than half an hour. 126. 不孝 [bu2xiao4]1, n., person recently bereaved of his parent (used in obituary notice) “I, the unfilial son.” 127. 不肖 [bu2xiao4]2, adj., (1) unfilial; (2) foolish (opp. to 賢): 賢不肖 the wise and the foolish. 128. 不屑 [bu2xie4], phr., to despise (doing), will not condescend to: 不屑與辯 will not condescend to argue with person. 129. 不興 [bu4xing1], adj., not fashionable or seasonable; not decent (to do). 130. 不行 [bu4xing2], phr., (1) (this) will not do, not up to standard; (2) should not be done. 131. 不朽 [bu4xiu3], adj., immortal (work, deeds). 132. 不殊 [bu4shu1], phr., same as. 133. 不舒服 [bu4shu1fu0], adj., (1) unwell, under the weather; (2) uncomfortable. 134. 不爽 [bu4shuang3], phr., (1) (God's justice) never fails; (2) do not feel well. 135. 不淑 [bu4shu2], phr., 遇人不淑 ill-matched in marriage. 136. 不是 [bu2shi4]1, (1) adv., be not, is not; adv., oft. used to mean “if not”: 不是你提起，倒忘記了 if you did not remind me, I would have forgotten it; (2) ([bu2shi0]) n. & adj., wrong: 這就是你的不是了 this is your mistake. 137. 不適 [bu2shi4]2, adj., (LL) not well. 138. 不時 [bu4shi2], adv., (1) not in proper time; (2) always, daily: 不時之需 (medicine) may be needed any time. 139. 不須 [bu4xU1]1, vb. aux., need not (+vb.). 140. 不需 [bu4xU1]2, phr., do not need (+n.). 141. 不宣 [bu4xUan1], phr., 心照不宣 (end of letter) will stop here, without further occupying your attention. 142. 不許 [bu4xU3], phr., do not permit. 143. 不腆 [bu4tian3], adj. (AC) my humble (gift). 144. 不  [bu4cai3], v.t., ignore (person).145. 不才 [bu4cai2], n., (in formal correspondence) I, the worthless person. 146. 不測 [bu4ce4], n. & adj., any untoward event. 147. 不錯 [bu2cuo4], phr., pretty good, not bad, very good indeed. 148. 不次 [bu4ci4], phr., not in normal sequence. 149. 不通 [bu4tong1], adj., (1) (writing) ungrammatical, unidiomatic; (2) (person) stupid, bigoted, educated but mind still closed; (3) (road) closed to traffic; (4) (statement) illogical. 150. 不圖 [bu4tu2], phr., (LL) see [bu4liao4]↑. 151. 不在 [bu2zai4], phr., (1) (importance) does not lie in; (2) not at home; 不在乎 immaterial, nonchalant, could not care less; 他不在乎 he does not mind, is not important to him. 152. 不做美 [bu2zuo1mei3], phr., do not, or will not, help (happy occasion, marriage), such as rain on wedding day. 153. 不足 [bu4zu2], phr., not enough, not sufficient, not qualified (to be teacher). 154. 不貲 [bu4zi1], phr., 所費不貲 went to a lot of expenses. 155. 不自在 [bu2zi1zai4], adj., unwell, do not feel fit or comfortable. 156. 不外 [bu2wai4], prep., only, nothing more than. 157. 不韙 [bu2wei3], n., (usu. 大不韙) a great error, a heinous crime. 158. 不穩 [bu4wen3], adj. unsteady, unstable (market, position). 159. 不謂 [bu2wei4], phr., never thought that. 160. 不惟 [bu4wei2], phr., not only. 161. 不無 [bu4wu2], phr., not without: 不無少補 not without some benefit. 162. 不揚 [bu4yang2], adj., (LL) ugly-looking: 其貌不揚. 163. 不要 [bu2yao4], vb. aux., (1) will not, do not want (to, or a thing); (2) (optative) do not (do s.t.): 不要動 do not move; (photography) hold it; 不要臉 shameless. 164. 不一 [bu4yi1], phr., (1) (also 不一一) and so forth; innumerable; (2) not uniform (opinion). 165. 不意 [bu4yi4], phr., (LL) never thought that. 166. 不已 [bu4yi3], adv., without stop. 167. 不由 [bu4you2], phr., (1) see [bu2jin4]↑; (2) 不由分說 without giving one the opportunity to explain. 168. 不由得 [bu4you2de0], phr., see [bu2jin4]↑. 169. 不遇 [bu4yU4]1, phr., had no chance to meet or recognized by person who might help. 170. 不豫 [bu2yU4]2, adj., (1) (LL) not well; (2) displeased. 171. 不用 [bu2yong4], vb. aux., (1) need not (tell you, etc.); (2) (optative) you need not (go, doubt, etc.); 不用說 needless to say, let alone. 172. 不渝 [bu4yU2]1, adj., (love, etc.) unchangeable. 173. 不虞 [bu4yU2]2, adj. & n., an untoward event. | |||||