| 長 | 743A05 51.02 | 部居  | 畫數 8 | ㄔㄤˊ [chang2] (*ㄓㄤˇ [zhang3] , *ㄓㄤˋ [zhang4] ). | ||
| N. | (1) Specialty, what one excels in: 特長，擅長，專長，所長 ditto; 長處 [chang2chu0]↓. (2) (*[zhang3]) Head, chief (of bureau, department, etc.): 部長 minister of government; 首長 the ministers and chiefs of special bureaus; 校長 president, principal of school; 師長 division commander; 團長 regiment commander; 董事長 chairman of the board; 家長 head of family, parents of students. | |||||
| V.i. | (*[zhang3]) (1) To grow up, grow in years: 長大，長成 [zhang3da4], [zhang3cheng2]↓; 長了一歲 become one year older; grow up to be: 長得太難看了，很漂亮 grow up to look awful, to look pretty. (2) To grow, increase (in wisdom, price, etc.): 長見識 open mental horizon; 長價 [zhang3jia4]↓; 長行市 increase in price; 長脾氣 grow proud; 長調門子 grow in (assumed) stature, airs; 長他人志氣，滅自己威風 to puff up the enemy and lower our morale. | |||||
| V.t. | (*[zhang3]) To grow s.t.; 長鬍子 grow a beard; 長疙  ，長瘡 grow pimples, sore;長牙 put forth teeth; 長芽，長霉 put forth sprouts, get moldy. | |||||
| Adj. | (1) Long, opp. short 短：長途 long journey; 長城 [chang2cheng2]↓; 長風 swift wind; 長嘆 long sigh; 長吁短嘆 sigh incessantly; 長號 throw up a long yell; 長嘯 to give a long whistle; 長短 [chang2duan3]↓; 長話短說 to make a long story short; 長袖善舞 long sleeves help in dancing (as 長財善賈) ample capital makes it easy to trade. (2) (*[zhang3]) Elder, senior, opp. 幼 junior: 長者，長老，長輩 [chang2zhe3], [chang2lao3], [chang2bei4]↓. (3) (*[zhang3]) The eldest: 長子，長孫 eldest son, grandson, 長房 branch of the eldest son; 他居長 he is the eldest; 長兄，長姊 eldest brother, sister. (4) (*[zhang4]) Extraneous: 身無長物 (LL phr.) have only bare necessities at home (no savings); 冗長 long drawn-out, wordy. | |||||
| Words | 1. 長安 [chang2an1], n., capital of Tarng Dyn. (＝modn. 西安), famed in Tarng poetry; 長安路，長安道上 route to Charng-an, associated with route to officialdom and civil examinations. 2. 長輩 *[zhang3bei4], n., the elder generation, an elder. 3. 長臂猿 [chang2bei4yUan2], n., type of long-armed ape in India and Malaysia, Hylobates lar. 4. 長編 [chang2bian1], n., book of full data and detailed stories, from which a particular history is compiled--full version of chronicles. 5. 長波 [chang2bo1], n., (electronics) long wave. 6. 長成 *[zhang3cheng2], v.i., (1) to grow up (in certain city), become adult; (2) grow into (anulcer, etc.). 7. 長城 [chang2cheng2], n., the Great Wall, symbol of eternal strength; (fig.) a great warrior. 8. 長期 [chang2qi2], adj., long-term (deposit, etc.). 9. 長川 [chang2chuan1], adj. & adv., continually, normally (write each other, etc.). 10. 長處 [chang2chu0], n., one's strong points. 11. 長蟲 [chang2chong0], n., (coll.) snake. 12. 長驅 [chang2qU1], phr., 長驅直入 drive straight in (into enemy city). 13. 長大 *[zhang3da4], v.i., grow up. 14. 長短 [chang2duan3], n., (1) length: 三尺長短 three-foot long (also [er0]); (2) criticism, discussion as to who is right (long) and who is wrong (short): 說人長短 criticize people; (3) s.t. untoward: 萬一有什麼長短 if s.t. untoward should happen; 長短句＝宋詞 the [ci2] form of verse, with varying sentence lengths; 長短詩 verse in which some sentence lengths vary. 15. 長度 [chang2du4], n., length. 16. 長法兒 [chang2fa3er0], n., a regular way: 不是個長法兒 shouldn't be a regular way, but occasionally allowable. 17. 長方 [chang2fang1], n., rectangle: 長方形 rectangular. 18. 長房 *[zhang3fang2], n., the eldest branch of family. 19. 長庚 [chang2geng1], n., the planet Venus (金星). 20. 長官 *[zhang3guan1], n., superiors in office; officers. 21. 長跪 [chang2gui4], v.i., to prostrate on the ground. 22. 長工 [chang2gong1], n., formerly, hired farm hand on permanent or yearly basis. 23. 長公主 *[zhang3gong1zhu3], n., the emperor's sisters. 24. 長活 [chang2huo2], n., see [chang2gong1]↑. 25. 長齋 [chang2zhai1], v.i., to fast from meat for a long period. 26. 長者 *[zhang2zhe3], n., elders, eldermen; village gentry. 27. 長征 [chang2zheng1], v.i., to go on a long journey or campaign. 28. 長角 [chang2jiao3], n., (bot.) elongated pod of seeds. 29. 長假 [chang2jia4], n., (take) long leave, i.e., resign. 30. 長價 *[zhang3jia4], v.i., rise in price. 31. 長江 [chang2jiang1], n., the Yangtze River. 32. 長技 [chang2ji4], n., special skill. 33. 長進 *[zhang3jin0], v.i., to improve (in character, studies): 永不長進 be a sluggard. 34. 長徑 [chang2jing4], n., (math.) major axis. 35. 長頸鹿 [chang2jing3lu4], n., giraffe. 36. 長鯨 [chang2jing1], n., the big whale as symbolic of great drinking capacity. 37. 長久 [chang2jiu3], adj. & adv., for long, lasting: 長久之計 a permanent arrangement. 38. 長支 [chang2zhi1], v.i., formerly, for shop employees to draw money on credit, the accounts to be reckoned at year's end. 39. 長至 [chang2zhi4], n., (AC) winter solstice (“longest day”), also (AC) summer solstice. 40. 長局 [chang2jU2], n., permanent arrangement, see [chang2fa3er0]↑. 41. 長空 [chang2kong1], n., the sky. 42. 長兒 [chang2er0], n., (1) length; (2) a long time: 這東西不耐長兒 this article will not last long. 43. 長老 *[zhang2lao3], n., (1) elder, alderman; (2) elder in Presbyterian Church; (3) senior monk; 長老會 Presbyterian Church. 44. 長吏 *[zhang3li4], n., superior officer. 45. 長曆 [chang2li4], n., (lunar) calendar which reckons the dates of seasons for centuries. 46. 長毛 (1) *[zhang3mao2], v.t., to mildew; (2) ([chang2mao2]), n., long hair. 47. 長眠 [chang2mian2], n. & v.i., death (“the long sleep”). 48. 長命 [chang2ming4], n., long life: 長命富貴 longevity with wealth and honor, a long life of abundance and respectability. 49. 長明燈 [chang2ming2deng1], n., altar lamp which burns day and night. 50. 長年 [chang2nian2], adv., regularly: 長年在這裡住 stay here regularly; for a long time. 51. 長跑 [chang2pao3], n., (track and field) long-distance run. 52. 長篇 [chang2pian1], (1) phr., 長篇大論 discourse eloquently on subject; (2) 長篇小說 a novel. 53. 長衫（兒） [chang2shan1] ([chang2sha1er0]), n., long gown. 54. 長生 [chang2sheng1], n., long life, longevity: 長生不老 perpetual rejuvenation; 長生祿位 a tablet and altar in honor of great benefactor, for whom prayer is said. 55. 長生果 [chang2sheng1guo3], n., peanut (＝落花生). 56. 長舌 [chang2she2]1, adj., as in 長舌婦 a loquacious woman. 57. 長蛇 [chang2she2]2, n., as in 封豕長蛇 (fig.) a greedy monster; 長蛇陣 snake formation (as in snake dance). 58. 長相兒 *[zhang3xiang4er0], n., usual appearance or condition. 59. 長辛螺 [chang2xin1luo2], n., (zoo.) long shellfish, Fusus perplexus. 60. 長壽 [chang2shou4], n. & adj., longevity. 61. 長逝 [chang2shi4], v.i., to pass away. 62. 長石 [chang2shi2], n., (geol.) feld-spar. 63. 長天 [chang2tian1], adv., as in 長天大日，長天老日 in broad daylight, all day (doing nothing, etc.). 64. 長挑 [chang2tiao0], adj., (person) tall and slender. 65. 長條兒 [chang2tiao2er0], n., a long slip. 66. 長亭 [chang2ting2], n., formerly, rest pavilion on highway: 十里一長亭，五里一短亭 a big station every ten [li3], a small station every five [li3]. 67. 長途 [chang2tu2], (1) n., long journey; (2) adj., long distance: 長途電話 long-distance telephone call; adj., 長途汽車 bus system between cities. 68. 長尾雞 [chang2wei3ji1], n., (zoo.) a special variety of fowl with a long tail, Gallus domesticus, cultivated in Japan. 69. 長尾猿 [chang2wei3yUan2], n., (zoo.) an African ape with long tail, Cercopithecus aethiops. 70. 長物 *[zhang4wu4], n., surplus: 生平無長物 have no savings--have just the necessities of living. 71. 長夜 [chang2ye4], adv., all night long. 72. 長揖 [chang2yi1], v.i., to make a long bow, the clasped hands reaching to the knees. 73. 長音程 [chang2yin1cheng2], n., (mus.) major interval. 74. 長音階 [chang2yin1jie1], n., (mus.) major scale. 75. 長幼 *[zhang3you4], n., the young and old. 76. 長遠 [chang2yUan3], adj., long, distant: 長遠之計 a long plan for the future. 77. 長圓 [chang2yUan2], adj., oval in shape. | |||||