| 释义 |
不bù〈副词adv.〉
1.用在动词、形容词和其他副词前面表示否定{[used before verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs to indicate negation]}:
～去{not go}|～能{cannot}|～多{not many (much)}|～经济{uneconomic}|～很好。{not very good (well)}
2.加在名词或名词性词素前面,构成形容词{[used before certain nouns or nominal morphemes to form an adjective]}:
～法{lawless; illegal; unlawful}|～规则。{irregular}
3.单用,做否定性的回答(答话的意思跟问题相反){[used by itself as a negative answer]}:
他知道吗?——～,他不知道。{Does he know? No, he doesn't.}
4.〈方dial.〉用在句末表示疑问,跟反复问句的作用相等{[attached to the end of a sentence to indicate doubt or question]}:
他现在身体好～?{Is he in good health now?}
5.用在动补结构中间,表示不可能达到某种结果{[used between a verb and its complement to indicate that sth. is impossible]}:
拿～动{find sth. too heavy to carry}|做～好{cannot do sth. well}|装～下。{cannot hold sth.}
6.‘不’字的前后叠用相同的词,表示不在乎或不相干(常在前边加‘什么’{usu. preceded by 什么 shén·me}){[inserted between repeated words to show one's carelessness or indifference]}:
什么累～累的,有工作就得做{No matter how tired you are, you must do what comes to you.}|什么钱～钱的,你喜欢就拿去。{Who cares how much it costs? Just take it if you like it.}
7.跟‘就’搭用,表示选择{[used correlatively with 就 jiù to indicate alteration]}:
晚上他～是看书,就是写文章。{In the evening he either reads books or writes articles.}
8.〈方dial.〉不用;不要(限用于某些客套话{used in polite formulas only}){don't; need not}:
～谢{don't mention it; not at all; you are welcome}|～送{Forgive me for not seeing you out.}|～客气。{don't mention it; not at all; you are welcome}‖[注意]NOTE:
a)在去声字前面,‘不’字读阳平声,如‘～会’、‘～是’。{said in rising tone when followed by words with falling tone, e.g. ～会 (can-not), or ～是 (not)}b)动词‘有’的否定式是‘没有’,不是‘不有’。{negative form of the verb 有(have) is 没有(have not) ratherthan 不有(not have)} |