| 释义 |
鸦片战争Yāpiàn Zhànzhēng1840—1842年英国以我国禁止英商贩卖鸦片为借口对我国发动的侵略战争。战争开始后虽然有林则徐等人领导广东爱国军民的坚决抵抗,但腐败无能的清政府一再向侵略者谋求妥协,致使侵略军先后攻陷厦门、宁波、上海等地,兵临南京城下。在英军的武力威迫下,清政府向侵略者屈膝投降,和英国签订了我国近代史上第一个丧权辱国的《南京条约》。从此,中国逐渐沦为半殖民地半封建的国家,我国人民的反帝国主义、反封建主义的民主革命也从此开始。{Opium War (1840-1842); the First Opium War; war of aggression launched by Britain against China under the pretext of China's sanctions on opium sales by British merchants. At the beginning the invaders met with the staunch resistance of patriotic Chinese armymen and civilians in Guangdong under the leadership of Lin Zexu and others, but owing to repeated compromises made by the decadent and inept Qing government, the invading troops were able to sack Xiamen, Ningbo and Shanghai, and arrived at Nanjing. Under British military intimidation the Qing government buckled and signed the Treaty of Nanjing in 1842, an unequal treaty that infringed upon state sovereignty of China and humiliated the Chinese people. The war marked the beginning of China's degeneration into a semi-colonial, semi-feudal country, and gave rise to the Chinese people's anti-imperialist, anti-feudal democratic revolution.}也叫also第一次鸦片战争{Dì Yī Cì Yāpiàn Zhànzhēng}。 |