| 释义 |
种姓zhǒngxìng某些国家的一种世袭的社会等级。种姓的出现与阶级社会形成时期的社会分工有关。在印度,种姓区分得最为典型,最初分为四大种姓,即婆罗门(僧侣和学者)、刹帝利(武士和贵族)、吠舍(手工业者和商人)和首陀罗(农民、仆役)。种姓和种姓之间不能通婚,不能交往。后来又在种姓之外分出一个社会地位最低的‘贱民’阶层。{caste; (in some countries) hereditary social classes, which emerged from the social division of labour when class society was taking shape. India is a country having typical caste divisions, where originally there were four castes, i.e. Brahmans (monks and scholars), Kshatriyas (warriors and aristocrats), Vaisyas (handicraftsmen and merchants) and Sudras (farmers and servants), with members of a caste not allowed to intermarry or mix with those not of the same caste. Over time, a new caste sprang up besides those castes, the Pariahs, ‘untouchables’ or ‘outcastes’.} |