| 释义 |
理学lǐxué宋明时期的唯心主义哲学思想。包括以周敦颐、程颢、程颐、朱熹为代表的客观唯心主义和以陆九渊、王守仁为代表的主观唯心主义。前者认为‘理’是永恒的、先于世界而存在的精神实体,世界万物只能由‘理’派生。后者提出‘心外无物,心外无理’,认为主观意识是派生世界万物的本原。{rationalistic Confucian philosophical school known to the West as Neo-Confucianism; idealist school of philosophical thought in the Song and Ming dynasties, including objective idealism represented by Zhou Dunyi, Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi and Zhu Xi, who argued that ‘rationalism’ is eternal and is a spiritual substance prior to the world and that all things in the world are derived from ‘rationalism’, and subjective idealism represented by Lu Jiuyuan and Wang Shouren, who proposed that ‘there is nothing outside the mind and no rationalism (or reason) outside the mind’ and that subjective consciousness is the origin of all things in the world;}也叫also道学{dàoxué}或{or}宋学{sòngxué}。 |