| 释义 |
把2bǎ〈介词prep.〉
1.宾语是后面动词的受事者,整个格式有处置的意思{[used when the object is placed before the verb, and is the recipient of the action; the sentence structure expresses disposition]}:
～头一扭{toss one's head}|～衣服洗洗。{wash the clothes}
2.后面的动词,是‘忙、累、急、气’等加上表示结果的补语,整个格式有致使的意思{[when used before a verb that is preceded by an object and followed by a complement indicating result, 把 and the verb function as a transitive verbal phrase, such as ‘(cause sb. to be) busy, tired, worried, angry, etc.’]}:
～他乐坏了{He is overwhelmed with joy.}|差点ㄦ～他急疯了。{He is worried almost to madness.}
3.宾语是后面动词的施事者,整个格式表示不如意的事情{[the object of 把 is the agent, expressing an unsatisfactory state of affairs]}:
正在节骨眼上偏偏～老张病了。{It was just when we needed Lao Zhang most that he fell ill.}‖[注意]NOTE:
a)①②‘把’的宾语都是确定的。{[In ①② the object of 把 is definite]}b)用‘把’的句子,动词后边有附加成分或补语,或前边有‘一’等特种状语。但在诗歌戏曲里可以不带{[In a 把 construction, there is usu. a suffix or complement after the verb, or 一 yī before the verb; poetry or dramatic verse are exceptions]}:
领导人民～身翻{Lead the people to stand up.}|扭转身来～话讲。{Turn around and speak.}c)用‘把’的句子,动词后头一般不带宾语,但有时带{[with a 把 construction, there is usu. no object after the verb, but there are exceptions]}:
～衣服撕了个口子{tear a hole in one's jacket}|～这两封信贴上邮票发出去。{Stick stamps on these two letters and mail them.}d)用‘把’的句子,有时候后面不说出具体的动作,这种句子多半用在骂人的场合{[sometimes 把 is not followed by any action and expresses reproach]}:
我～你个糊涂虫啊!{What a muddler you are!}e)近代汉语里‘把’曾经有过‘拿’的意思,现代方言里还有这种用法{[in modern Chinese, 把 had the meaning of ‘拿ná (use)’, and this usage is still found in certain contemporary dialects]}(‘那个人不住地～眼睛看我’{That person keeps staring at me.})。 |